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Table 2 systematic comparison of quality elements according to van Herck et al

From: Characterization and effectiveness of pay-for-performance in ophthalmology: a systematic review

 

Quality of health services

Patient population

Structure, process and outcome indicators

Underuse and/or overuse

Number of targets and indicators

Best practise and SMART criteriaa

Risk adjustment of outcome measurement

MedEncentive

- cost effectiveness

- Patient satisfaction and centeredness

- licensed health plans

- self-insured employers

- process quality

- outcome quality

- based on EBM guidelines

- targets overuse reduction

20

- SART

- nominal scaled quality indicators (no metric QI)

Risk-adjustment for cost calculation

Kaiser Permanente Northern California

- patient safety

- Age > 30 years

- restricted to diabetic retinopathy screening

- process quality

- Risk of overuse (screening for diabetic retinopathy)

1

- SART

- nominal scaled quality indicators

(no metric QI)

- age-related risk adjustment

Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS)

- Clinical quality measurements

- Equity and timeliness

- Medicare & Medicaid

- process quality

- outcome quality

-EBM guidelines

11

- SMART

- not clear

ProvenCare

- cost effectiveness

- Equity and timeliness

- restricted to cataract surgery

- process quality

- outcome quality

n.a.

40

- SMRT

(no information concerning achievability)

- n.a.

  1. aSMART means specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and timely