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Table 3 Sample characteristics of women exiting L&D, ANC and PNC services

From: Perceptions of quality across the maternal care continuum in the context of a health financing intervention: Evidence from a mixed methods study in rural Malawi

Characteristic

Baseline

Midterm

Endline

T-test

Comparison

Intervention

Comparison

Intervention

Comparison

Intervention

n = 067

n = 136

n = 109

n = 224

n = 040

n = 190

t

Sig

Women exiting L&D services

 Average age in years (mean/SD)

25.1

6.0

24.3

6.0

24.1

4.7

24.0

5.5

22.6

4.3

23.9

5.9

0.3

0.79

 Proportion of married women (N/%)

61

91.0

128

94.1

103

94.5

218

97.3

39

97.5

188

99.0

−2.0

0.04*

 Proportion of literate women (N/%)

51

76.1

83

61.0

73

67.0

140

62.5

24

60.0

123

64.7

1.5

0.14

 Average number of pregnancies (mean/SD)

3.1

1.7

2.6

1.8

2.2

1.8

2.5

2.0

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.1

0.0

0.97

 Average number of living children (mean/SD)

2.8

1.6

2.4

1.6

2.1

1.7

2.3

1.9

3.1

0.9

3.2

1.2

0.1

0.95

 Proportion with previous miscarriage (N/%)

9

13.4

14

10.3

11

10.1

20

8.9

2

5.0

18

9.5

0.3

0.76

 Proportion with previous stillbirth (N/%)

1

1.5

5

3.7

2

1.8

10

4.5

1

2.5

6

3.2

−1.4

0.17

 Proportion with previous premature birth (N/%)

5

7.5

7

5.2

2

1.8

13

5.8

2

5.0

10

5.3

−0.7

0.47

Women exiting ANC services

n = 167

n = 221

n = 250

n = 365

n = 99

n = 305

  

 Average age in years (mean/SD)

25.3

6.5

24.2

5.8

24.2

5.8

25.0

5.7

24.5

5.4

25.0

6.0

−0.6

0.54

 Proportion of married women (N/%)

163

97.6

216

97.7

249

99.6

356

97.5

96

97.0

289

94.8

0.8

0.44

 Proportion of literate women (N/%)

111

66.5

146

66.1

166

66.4

243

66.6

52

52.5

193

63.3

−0.6

0.56

 Average number of pregnancies (mean/SD)

3.2

2.1

2.8

1.8

1.9

1.8

2.1

1.8

3.0

1.7

2.9

1.8

−0.3

0.79

 Average number of living children (mean/SD)

1.9

1.9

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.6

1.8

1.6

1.8

1.5

1.7

1.6

0.7

0.46

 Proportion with previous miscarriage (N/%)

23

13.8

32

14.5

23

9.2

50

13.7

12

12.0

30

9.8

−0.7

0.46

 Proportion with previous stillbirth (N/%)

9

5.4

8

3.6

11

4.4

14

3.8

1

1.0

13

4.3

0.1

0.90

 Proportion with previous premature birth (N/%)

9

5.4

14

6.3

10

4.0

11

3.0

3

1.9

10

3.3

0.2

0.82

Women exiting PNC services

n = 080

n = 150

n = 138

n = 220

n = 077

n = 230

  

 Average age in years (mean/SD)

25.5

6.4

24.7

5.6

23.3

5.0

24.5

6.0

24.8

6.1

23.7

5.6

0.1

0.94

 Proportion of married women (N/%)

78

97.5

139

92.7

135

97.8

212

96.4

73

94.8

220

95.7

1.2

0.21

 Proportion of literate women (N/%)

50

62.5

91

60.7

90

65.2

150

68.2

43

55.8

148

64.4

−0.8

0.41

 Average number of pregnancies (mean/SD)

3.1

2.1

2.7

1.9

3.5

1.7

3.6

1.9

3.7

1.8

3.2

1.4

2.9

0.01*

 Average number of living children (mean/SD)

2.7

1.7

2.4

1.5

2.4

1.6

2.6

1.8

3.6

1.7

3.1

1.3

1.9

0.05*

 Proportion with previous miscarriage (N/%)

13

16.3

19

12.7

9

6.5

14

6.4

3

3.9

14

6.1

0.5

0.60

 Proportion with previous stillbirth (N/%)

5

6.3

4

2.7

6

4.4

4

1.8

2

2.6

7

3.0

1.7

0.09

 Proportion with previous premature birth (N/%)

4

5.0

11

7.3

6

4.4

7

3.2

6

7.8

10

4.4

0.6

0.52