Table 1 Sample demographics by kidney disease status among adults in the US from 2002 to 2011
From: Trends in healthcare expenditure in United States adults with chronic kidney disease: 2002–2011
Variables | All (%) | No kidney disease (%) | CKD only (%) | aOther kidney diseases (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N(n) | 188,708,194 (187,341) | 184,457,065 (182,937) | 617,210 (711) | 3,633,919 (3693) | |
Age (yrs) | |||||
18–44 | 45.7 | 46.1 | 18.6 | 31.5 | <0.001 |
45–64 | 35.4 | 35.4 | 37.3 | 36.4 | |
65–85 | 18.9 | 18.5 | 44.1 | 32.1 | |
Gender | |||||
Male | 45.5 | 45.4 | 48.5 | 51.7 | <0.001 |
Female | 54.5 | 54.6 | 51.5 | 48.3 | |
Race/ethnicity | |||||
Non-Hispanic White | 72.1 | 72.1 | 59.2 | 76.0 | <0.001 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 10.5 | 10.5 | 26.9 | 8.6 | |
Hispanic | 11.3 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 11.5 | |
Other | 6.1 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 3.9 | |
Marital status | |||||
Married | 55.5 | 55.5 | 45.4 | 58.9 | <0.001 |
Widow/Div/Single | 21.3 | 21.1 | 41.8 | 26.4 | |
Never married | 23.2 | 23.4 | 12.8 | 14.7 | |
Education category | |||||
< HS | 17.4 | 17.3 | 28.8 | 20.7 | <0.001 |
HS | 30.5 | 30.4 | 32.3 | 33.2 | |
College or more | 52.1 | 52.3 | 38.9 | 46.1 | |
Insurance | |||||
Private | 72.1 | 72.3 | 53.4 | 66.2 | <0.001 |
Public | 16.4 | 16.1 | 43.1 | 25.6 | |
Uninsured | 11.5 | 11.6 | 3.5 | 8.2 | |
Metropolitan statistical status | |||||
MSA | 82.9 | 82.9 | 78.8 | 81.7 | 0.099 |
Non-MSA | 17.1 | 17.1 | 21.2 | 18.3 | |
Census region | |||||
Northeast | 18.7 | 18.7 | 15.9 | 19.2 | <0.001 |
Midwest | 22.8 | 22.9 | 23.4 | 20.3 | |
South | 35.9 | 35.8 | 37.3 | 41.7 | |
West | 22.6 | 22.6 | 23.4 | 18.8 | |
Poverty category | |||||
Poor/NEA | 15.1 | 15.0 | 29.9 | 17.9 | <0.001 |
Low Income | 12.9 | 12.8 | 20.8 | 14.6 | |
Middle Income | 30.2 | 30.2 | 27.2 | 28.8 | |
High Income | 41.8 | 42.0 | 22.1 | 38.7 | |
Chronic conditions | |||||
Diabetes | 9.5 | 9.0 | 52.1 | 25.1 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 32.9 | 32.3 | 87.8 | 50.9 | <0.001 |
CVD | 13.6 | 13.2 | 50.6 | 26.9 | <0.001 |
Stroke | 3.5 | 3.4 | 18.5 | 6.7 | <0.001 |
Emphysema | 2.1 | 2.1 | 4.4 | 4.0 | <0.001 |
Joint pain | 37.9 | 37.6 | 59.8 | 49.6 | <0.001 |
Arthritis | 26.1 | 25.7 | 53.1 | 40.0 | <0.001 |
Asthma | 10.5 | 10.4 | 15.1 | 10.9 | 0.037 |
Year category | |||||
Year 2002/03 | 19.2 | 19.3 | 15.1 | 18.1 | 0.010 |
Year 2004/05 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 22.5 | 17.6 | |
Year 2006/07 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 18.1 | 19.5 | |
Year 2008/09 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 18.5 | 21.4 | |
Year 2010/11 | 20.8 | 20.7 | 25.8 | 23.4 | |