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Table 2 Adjusted incidence rate ratio for healthcare utilization in cohort of psoriasis patients with comorbidities

From: Economic burden of comorbidities in psoriasis patients in the United States: results from a retrospective U.S. database

Comorbidity

Outpatient visits IRR Estimate

Lower CL

Upper CL

p value

Hospitalisation visits IRR Estimate

Lower CL

Upper CL

p value

Emergency Room Visits IRR Estimate

Lower CL

Upper CL

P value

Psoriatic arthritis

1.30

1.27

1.32

<0.0001

1.40

1.27

1.55

<0.0001

1.36

1.26

1.46

<0.0001

Cardiovascular disease

1.51

1.48

1.53

<0.0001

2.60

2.41

2.79

<0.0001

2.34

2.22

2.48

<0.0001

Depression

1.34

1.31

1.37

<0.0001

2.05

1.85

2.26

<0.0001

1.99

1.85

2.14

<0.0001

Anxiety

1.36

1.33

1.39

<0.0001

1.82

1.61

2.05

<0.0001

2.15

1.98

2.34

<0.0001

Diabetes

1.37

1.35

1.39

<0.0001

1.93

1.79

2.08

<0.0001

1.77

1.67

1.88

<0.0001

Hyperlipidemia

1.21

1.20

1.23

<0.0001

1.09

1.02

1.16

0.0122

1.16

1.10

1.22

<0.0001

Hypertension

1.31

1.29

1.33

<0.0001

1.71

1.60

1.83

<0.0001

1.63

1.56

1.72

<0.0001

Obesity

1.38

1.35

1.42

<0.0001

2.17

1.93

2.45

<0.0001

1.89

1.73

2.08

<0.0001

Cerebrovascular disease

1.41

1.37

1.46

<0.0001

2.08

1.84

2.35

<0.0001

2.01

1.81

2.23

<0.0001

Peripheral vascular disease

1.47

1.43

1.52

<0.0001

2.38

2.10

2.69

<0.0001

1.95

1.75

2.16

<0.0001

Any of the above comorbiditiesa

1.49

1.47

1.51

<0.0001

2.03

1.87

2.19

<0.0001

1.84

1.75

1.94

<0.0001

  1. Note: For each comorbidity, the reference group is the patients who do not have the respective comorbidity
  2. IRR incidence rate ratio, CL confidence limit
  3. aAny of the above comorbidities means if patients have any of the either comorbidities mentioned above
  4. Data for outpatient visits, hospitalization visits and emergency room visits for each of the comorbidities for the controlled variables are not reported here, but these can be made available upon request