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Table 4 Un-adjusted and multivariate adjusted odds ratios for exposure to violence among respondents in the past 12 months

From: Workplace violence against nurses in the Gambia: mixed methods design

Variable

Physical violence

Verbal abuse

Sexual harassment

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95 CI)

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Area

 Urban

3.3 (0.43, 26.11)

4.3 (0.52, 34.72)

1.5 (0.56, 4.26)

1.9 (0.66, 5.47)

1.7 (0.22, 13.77)

1.7 (0.21, 13.92)

 Rural

1

1

1

1

1

1

Gender

 Male

1.5 (0.72–3.23)

1.5 (0.68–3.32)

1.6 (0.85–2.99)

1.9 (0.95–3.64)

1.3 (0.50–3.37)

1.2 (0.43–3.30)

 Female

1

1

1

 

1

1

Age group

  ≤ 30 years

1.4 (0.59–3.76)

1.3 (0.47–3.64)

1.5 (0.74–2.99)

2.0 (0.89–4.65)

2.9 (0.61–14.58)

2.6 (0.49–13.92)

 31–40 years

0.9 (0.36–2.52)

1.2 (0.45–3.40)

1.5 (0.76–3.01)

1.7 (0.78–3.52)

3.5 (0.74–16.70)

3.6 (0.73–17.56)

  ≥ 41 years

1

1

1

1

1

1

Marital status

 Single

1.3 (0.54–3.08)

0.9 (0.37–2.49)

0.4 (0.22–0.90)*

0.3 (0.12–0.62)*

1.0 (0.33–3.23)

0.9 (0.26–3.18)

 Married

1

1

1

1

1

1

Occupational Cadre

 Nurse attendant

2.6 (1.04–6.37)*

1.9 (0.71–5.07)

0.8 (0.41–1.53)

0.6 (0.30–1.31)

2.8 (0.71–10.96)

2.1 (0.48–9.21)

 General nurse

1.6 (0.60–4.11)

1.2 (0.42–3.67)

1.6 (0.79–3.07)

1.2 (0.53–2.56)

4.1 (1.09–15.30)*

4.1 (0.98–17.38)

 Midwives

1

1

1

 

1

1

Region

 Western I

2.9 (1.16–7.35)*

2.8 (1.09–7.20)*

1.3 (0.72–2.28)

1.6 (0.89–3.06)

1.0 (0.39–2.59)

0.9 (0.32–2.32)

 Western II

1

1

1

1

1

1

Number of co-workers

  ≤ 5

1.1 (0.40–3.25)

1.5 (0.46–4.89)

2.1 (0.95–4.75)

3.0 (1.22–7.38)*

0.9 (0.23–3.18)

0.9 (0.19–4.95)

 6–10

0.6 (0.16–2.35)

1.1 (0.25–4.95)

0.9 (0.35–2.29)

1.2 (0.42–3.36)

1.4 (0.31–5.97)

2.1 (0.35–12.56)

  ≥ 11

1

 

1

1

1

1

  1. *Statistically significant (p value <0.05)