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Table 5 Summary of risk of bias of included studies for non randomised trials, controlled before after studies, interrupted time series, and historically controlled trials (1=strong, 2=moderate, 3=weak, -=Not applicable)

From: A systematic review of strategies to increase access to health services among children in low and middle income countries

Study author, Year

Selection bias

Design

Confounders

Blinding

Data collection methods

Withdrawals/ dropouts

Global rating

Brenner et al, (2011) [92]

1

1

3

2

1

-

2

Chandir et al, (2010) [83]

2

2

1

2

-

3

2

Fatugase et al, (2013) [58]

2

2

1

3

2

1

2

Finocchario-Kessler et al, (2014) [37]

1

3

1

2

-

1

2

Galasso et al, [35]

2

3

3

2

1

3

3

Kundu et al, (2012) [85]

1

3

3

2

1

1

3

McCollum et al, (2012) [34]

2

2

3

2

-

1

2

Oche et al, (2011) [67]

1

2

3

2

-

1

2

Ridde et al, (2013) [93]

2

2

3

2

-

3

2

Robinson et al, (2001) [46]

3

2

3

2

-

-

3

Ryman et al, (2011) [47]

2

2

3

2

-

-

2

Schwartz et al, (2004) [52]

2

2

3

2

-

-

3

Simonyanm et al, (2013) [42]

1

2

1

2

-

1

1

  1. Note: Data collection methods “not applicable” when validity and reliability were not of tools were not a concern (e.g. self-report or medical records). Withdrawals/dropouts “not applicable” when surveys were conducted on a different group of people at baseline and follow-up