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Table 4 Health related quality of life 1 year after a hip fracture, prevalence of poorest outcome for the EQ-5D five dimensions by municipality characteristics in quartiles, and estimated odds ratios (OR) with the lowest quartile as reference. Estimated coefficients for general heath measured on a VAS scale with the lowest quartile as reference

From: Municipal resources and patient outcomes through the first year after a hip fracture

 

Health related quality of life, EQ-5D-3 L dichotomized

General health

 

Mobility

Self-care

ADL

Pain/discomfort

Anxiety/depression

EQ-5D VAS

Exposure

%

ORa

95% CI

%

ORa

95% CI

%

ORa

95% CI

%

ORa

95% CI

%

ORa

95% CI

B b

95% CI

Municipality

                

 Age profile (% age 67+)

                 

  1 lower quartile

4.7

1

 

11.3

1

 

23.2

1

 

6.7

1

 

5.0

1

 

0

 

  2

4.6

1.10

0.69–1.75

11.8

1.23

0.91–1.66

22.4

1.00

0.79–1.26

7.8

1.43

0.98–2.10

4.4

0.96

0.63–1.45

−1.3

−3.8–1.3

  3

3.8

1.11

0.62–1.98

9.5

0.97

0.69–1.37

19.1

0.86

0.68–1.09

6.1

1.08

0.72–1.62

4.1

0.62

0.40–0.97

0.4

−2.2–3.0

  4 top quartile

3.8

0.86

0.47–1.57

10.5

0.78

0.54–1.14

22.2

0.75

0.57–1.00

6.1

1.06

0.70–1.60

3.1

0.55

0.29–1.04

3.4

0.6–6.2

 Age profile (age 80+)

                 

  1 lower quartile

4.5

1

 

11.1

1

 

23.1

1

 

8.0

1

 

5.8

1

 

0

 

  2

4.8

0.98

0.62–1.54

11.7

1.02

0.76–1.38

22.9

0.86

0.68–1.07

6.6

1.04

0.70–1.55

4.1

0.69

0.46–1.02

0.7

−1.8–3.1

  3

3.5

1.27

0.73–2.22

9.4

0.99

0.71–1.39

18.2

0.77

0.60–0.98

6.4

1.13

0.75–1.70

3.9

0.85

0.52–1.38

1.2

−1.4–3.7

  4 top quartile

3.9

0.91

0.53–1.57

10.4

0.92

0.64–1.33

22.6

0.83

0.63–1.09

5.8

0.83

0.56–1.24

2.9

0.46

0.28–0.77

3.2

0.6–5.8

Nursing homes

                 

 Available doctor time

                 

  1 lower quartile

3.8

1

 

10.7

1

 

22.5

1

 

6.1

1

 

3.7

1

 

0

 

  2

3.1

0.91

0.53–1.55

9.7

0.85

0.61–1.17

18.7

0.74

0.58–0.95

7.1

1.10

0.71–1.70

4.1

1.05

0.65–1.70

2.1

−0.51–4.7

  3

4.1

0.92

0.56–1.50

10.6

0.90

0.66–1.22

21.9

0.85

0.67–1.07

6.5

0.95

0.63–1.45

4.5

0.97

0.61–1.53

0.4

−2.03–2.9

  4 top quartile

5.8

1.89

1.14–3.12

12.2

1.18

0.85–1.65

23.1

1.02

0.79–1.30

7.2

0.84

0.55–1.29

4.3

1.23

0.70–2.18

−2.5

−5.17–0.3

 Available physiotherapist time

                 

  1 lower quartile

3.8

1

 

10.2

1

 

20.5

1

 

6.1

1

 

3.5

1

 

0

 

  2

3.0

0.79

0.47–1.32

10.6

0.855

0.62–1.15

22.6

0.94

0.75–1.18

7.5

1.20

0.80–1.80

4.8

1.06

0.67–1.68

0.1

−2.1–2.4

  3

4.3

1.27

0.76–2.13

10.3

0.98

0.72–1.35

20.5

0.90

0.71–1.15

6.8

1.00

0.68–1.48

3.9

0.85

0.52–1.39

−1.8

−4.2–0.6

  4 top quartile

5.8

1.59

1.00–2.53

12.1

1.14

0.85–1.54

23.1

1.07

0.85–1.34

6.5

1.11

0.73–1.70

4.6

1.23

0.79–1.91

−2.4

−4.8–0.1

 Fulltime positions in rehabilitation (per 10,000)

                 

  1 lower quartile

4.3

1

 

10.1

1

 

20.5

1

 

6.7

1

 

4.4

1

 

0

 

  2

3.1

0.64

0.35–1.17

8.8

0.90

0.63–1.29

21.0

1.06

0.83–1.35

6.2

0.85

0.54–1.33

4.3

0.75

0.44–1.27

1.3

−1.3–3.8

  3

5.0

0.96

0.62–1.50

11.9

1.12

0.84–1.51

23.0

1.01

0.81–1.27

7.2

0.98

0.66–1.46

4.4

0.86

0.54–1.38

0.7

−1.4–2.9

  4 top quartile

4.7

1.04

0.62–1.75

12.0

1.06

0.77–1.48

22.2

1.01

0.79–1.28

6.7

1.05

0.67–1.63

3.6

0.81

0.46–1.42

0.2

−2.2–2.6

 Short-term stays in inursing homes by municipality size

                 

  1 lower quartile

3.7

1

 

10.6

1

 

21.2

1

 

7.5

1

 

3.9

1

 

0

 

  2

4.2

1.38

0.84–2.27

11.1

1.19

0.88–1.62

21.8

1.01

0.81–1.27

5.9

0.77

0.52–1.15

4.6

1.01

0.67–1.52

−0.8

−3.2–1.7

  3

5.0

1.39

0.87–2.23

11.0

1.13

0.82–1.56

22.0

0.99

0.78–1.27

6.4

0.95

0.62–1.44

4.3

1.38

0.86–2.22

−1.8

−4.3–0.7

  4 top quartile

3.9

1.08

0.67–1.74

10.4

0.92

0.68–1.25

21.5

0.87

0.69–1.09

7.1

1.03

0.72–1.47

3.7

0.81

0.52–1.25

0.0

−2.3–2.3

  1. Invers probability weight was applied in the analyses to account for the large proportion of death within 1 year after surgery
  2. Bolded data are statistically significant
  3. aAdjusted for patients’ age, sex, ASA, and municipalities’ centrality
  4. bEstimated marginal means, adjusted for patients’ age, sex, ASA, and municipalities’ centrality