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Table 6 Association between private managed care and inpatient mortality for acute myocardial infarction

From: Managed care and inpatient mortality in adults: effect of primary payer

Characteristic

Patient characteristicsa

Patient + hospital characteristicsb

Patient characteristic + hospital fixed effects

Patient + hospital characteristics + county fixed effects

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Point estimate

95% Wald confidence limits

Managed care

0.865

0.774

0.967

0.875

0.781

0.980

Failed to converge

0.861

0.758

0.979

Age 18–44 years

0.759

0.577

0.999

0.749

0.569

0.987

  

0.778

0.584

1.036

Age 45–64 years

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

Age 65+ years

1.199

1.064

1.352

1.177

1.043

1.33

  

1.151

1.01

1.31

Male

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

Female

1.087

0.969

1.221

1.081

0.963

1.214

  

1.122

0.994

1.266

APRMORT_165002

0.352

0.113

1.1

0.352

0.113

1.099

  

0.362

0.115

1.137

APRMORT_165003

3.616

1.958

6.677

3.62

1.96

6.686

  

3.554

1.9

6.648

APRMORT_165004

18.445

10.623

32.03

18.668

10.748

32.426

  

20.617

11.762

36.138

APRMORT_174001

0.095

0.04

0.221

0.094

0.04

0.221

  

0.091

0.039

0.214

APRMORT_174002

0.675

0.372

1.226

0.674

0.371

1.225

  

0.68

0.373

1.237

APRMORT_174003

5.988

3.495

10.256

5.994

3.499

10.27

  

6.221

3.612

10.712

APRMORT_174004

55.13

34.324

88.547

55.374

34.469

88.957

  

61.919

38.356

99.959

APRMORT_190002

4.869

2.899

8.178

4.847

2.886

8.141

  

5.085

3.016

8.572

APRMORT_190003

21.942

13.585

35.439

21.726

13.448

35.099

  

23.972

14.77

38.905

APRMORT_190004

122.158

76.067

196.178

122.164

76.063

196.208

  

144.677

89.571

233.684

APRMORT_OTHER

17.874

10.931

29.228

17.913

10.949

29.308

  

19.103

11.619

31.407

Lowest income

0.996

0.847

1.17

1.003

0.848

1.185

  

1.106

0.897

1.363

Low income

0.989

0.853

1.147

0.997

0.855

1.161

  

1.054

0.873

1.273

Moderate income

0.927

0.801

1.072

0.933

0.805

1.081

  

0.976

0.823

1.156

High income

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

0-99 beds

   

1.061

0.796

1.414

  

1.11

0.792

1.555

100-299 beds

   

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

300-499 beds

   

1.079

0.934

1.245

  

1.063

0.899

1.256

500+ beds

   

1.224

1.017

1.474

  

1.243

1.001

1.544

Nonteaching

   

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

Teaching

   

0.802

0.693

0.929

  

0.776

0.648

0.928

Governmental

   

1.165

0.935

1.453

  

1.242

0.967

1.594

Not-for-profit

   

REF

REF

REF

  

REF

REF

REF

For-profit

   

0.801

0.637

1.007

  

0.705

0.541

0.92

Large metropolitan

   

REF

REF

REF

     

Medium and small metropolitan

   

0.94

0.827

1.068

     

Nonmetropolitan

   

1.072

0.837

1.372

     
  1. Abbreviation: REF indicates reference group
  2. Notes: aPatient characteristics were age, sex, All Patient Refined-Diagnosis Related Group (APR-DRG), and community income. bHospital characteristics were bed size, ownership, teaching status, and urban/rural location
  3. Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, 2009, from the following 11 states: Arizona, California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Nevada, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania