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Table 2 Top vs. bottom spiritual climate quartiles with t-values, p level, and effect sizes using Cohen’s d. A p-value of <0.05 is used to determine statistical significance and effect size thresholds of small (0.2), medium (0.5) and large (0.8) are used

From: Got spirit? The spiritual climate scale, psychometric properties, benchmarking data and future directions

Variable

1st spiritual climate quartile

M(SD)

4th spiritual climate quartile

M(SD)

t

p

d

% reporting good Teamwork Climate

60.39(17.73)

80.55(16.40)

−7.63

<.001

1.11

% reporting good Safety Climate

58.02(17.71)

81.58(12.53)

−9.88

<.001

1.30

% reporting one or more people in their clinical area often “Intentionally exclude others from the group.”

25.60(14.79)

13.80(13.76)

5.31

<.001

−0.65

% reporting one or more people in their clinical area often “Make comments with sexual, racist, or ethnic slurs.”

8.85(8.20)

3.49(6.21)

4.72

<.001

−0.30

% disagree “I feel burned out from my work.”

58.79(19.71)

68.01(17.60)

−3.18

.002

0.51

% agree “I would like to find a better job.”

18.69(12.75)

13.10(11.36)

2.99

.003

−0.31

% Participated in WalkRounds at least once

13.94(12.25)

24.86(18.66)

−4.50

<.001

0.60

% Received feedback about patient safety risks that were reduced as a result of WalkRounds

14.46(13.16)

30.01(20.62)

−5.84

<.001

0.86