Table 2 Participant characteristics by level of patient activation
Demographic Variable | PAM Level | Â | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Level 4 | Total n | ||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
Gender | ||||||||||
 Male | 253 | 14.7 | 288 | 16.7 | 821 | 47.6 | 362 | 21.0 | 1724 | 47.8 |
 Female | 332 | 17.6 | 353 | 18.7 | 857 | 45.4 | 344 | 18.2 | 1886 | 52.2 |
Living alone | ||||||||||
 Yes | 234 | 18.1 | 229 | 17.7 | 609 | 47.1 | 221 | 17.1 | 1293 | 35.9 |
 No | 351 | 15.2 | 411 | 17.8 | 1070 | 46.3 | 480 | 20.8 | 2312 | 64.1 |
Employment status | ||||||||||
 Working | 13 | 7.6 | 24 | 13.9 | 86 | 50 | 49 | 28.5 | 172 | 4.6 |
 Retired or not economically active | 553 | 16.5 | 603 | 17.9 | 1552 | 46.3 | 646 | 19.3 | 3554 | 94.3 |
 Other | 15 | 36.6 | 4 | 9.8 | 17 | 41.5 | 5 | 12.2 | 41 | 1.1 |
Health Literacy | ||||||||||
 Never or rarely need help | 317 | 11.2 | 494 | 17.4 | 1392 | 48.9 | 639 | 22.5 | 2842 | 80.5 |
 Sometimes or often need help | 108 | 29.1 | 77 | 20.8 | 150 | 40.4 | 36 | 9.7 | 371 | 10.5 |
 Always need help | 144 | 45.3 | 59 | 18.6 | 90 | 28.3 | 25 | 7.9 | 318 | 9.0 |
Social Support | ||||||||||
 Poor social support | 251 | 22.1 | 226 | 19.9 | 517 | 45.5 | 142 | 12.5 | 1136 | 32.7 |
 Good Social support | 318 | 13.6 | 397 | 16.9 | 1092 | 46.6 | 535 | 22.8 | 2342 | 67.3 |
Depression | ||||||||||
 Not Depressed | 180 | 8.8 | 309 | 15.1 | 1051 | 51.4 | 504 | 24.6 | 2044 | 57.2 |
 Depressed | 393 | 25.7 | 333 | 22.8 | 605 | 39.6 | 198 | 12.9 | 1529 | 42.8 |
Number of LTC1 | ||||||||||
 LTC 2 or more | 103 | 11.2 | 149 | 16.23 | 451 | 49.2 | 214 | 23.3 | 917 | 28.6 |
446 | 19.5 | 443 | 19.4 | 1019 | 44.6 | 376 | 16.5 | 2284 | 71.4 | |
Continuous Variables | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
Age in years | 76.4 | 8.1 | 74.9 | 6.7 | 74.3 | 6.5 | 73.1 | 6.1 | 75 | 6.8 |