Table 3 Middle managers’ attitudes, aptitudes, and perceptions towards tobacco control in the organization according to sex, professional group, and smoking status
From: The role of middle managers in tobacco control after a national smoke-free hospital campus ban
Sex | Professional group | Smoking status | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men n = 31 | Women n = 32 | Health workersa n = 44 | Non-health workersb n = 19 | Smokerc n = 10 | Non-smokerd n = 53 | ||||
median | median | p* | median | median | p* | median | median | p* | |
Managers’ perceptions of how workers’ smoking behaviors affect work | |||||||||
Disturbs the work team dynamic | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 9.5 | ns | 9.0 | 8.0 | ns |
Generates conflicts between smokers and non-smokers | 6.0 | 8.0 | <0.05 | 7.0 | 8.0 | ns | 5.0 | 8.0 | <0.05 |
I have a more tense relationship with smoker workers | 1.0 | 1.0 | ns | 1.0 | 1.5 | ns | 0.0 | 0.05 | ns |
Smokers slack off from their duties more often than non-smokers | 4.0 | 5.0 | ns | 5.0 | 5.0 | ns | 1.0 | 5.0 | <0.05 |
Harms health professional image | 9.0 | 10.0 | ns | 10.0 | 9.0 | ns | 9.0 | 10.0 | ns |
Threatens hygiene conditions | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 7.5 | 8.0 | ns |
Health professionals should set an example and not smoke | 9.0 | 9.5 | ns | 9.0 | 9.5 | ns | 7.0 | 10.0 | <0.05 |
Managers’ attitudes towards tobacco control | |||||||||
All health professionals should know how to assist smokers to quit | 7.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 7.5 | 8.0 | ns |
Managers have an important role in enforcing the smoke-free policy | 8.0 | 9.0 | ns | 8.0 | 9.0 | ns | 8.5 | 9.0 | ns |
Managers should work to ensure compliance of the law | 8.5 | 9.0 | ns | 8.5 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 9.0 | ns |
Managers should foster smoking cessation among smoker patients | 7.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 7.5 | 8.0 | ns |
Hospitals should be role model organizations for controlling tobacco | 9.0 | 9.0 | ns | 9.0 | 9.0 | ns | 9.0 | 9.0 | ns |
Hospital top managers should allocate resources for tobacco control | 7.0 | 7.0 | ns | 7.0 | 5.5 | ns | 7.5 | 7.0 | ns |
Hospitals should provide tobacco cessation treatment for smoker patients | 7.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 9.0 | 7.0 | <0.05 |
Hospitalization is a good time to quit smoking | 8.0 | 8.5 | ns | 8.0 | 8.5 | ns | 7.5 | 8.5 | ns |
This hospital complies with the smoke-free campus ban | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns | 9.0 | 8.0 | ns | 8.0 | 8.0 | ns |