Clinical action measures improve the reliability of feedback on quality of care in diabetes centres: a retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Patient characteristics

Measurement period	2009–2011
Months	27
Patients	3421
Patient characteristics
Diabetes type	Type 1		Type 2
Diabetes type	(value)	(n)	(value)	(n)
Number of patients		1234		2187
Age (years), mean (95 % CI)	49 (48–50)		70 (69–70)
Diabetes duration (years), mean (95 % CI)	21 (20–22)	−12	17 (17–18)	−111
Male, %	60		48
Hba1c (%), mean (95 % CI)	7.9 (7.8–8.0)	−2	7.5 (7.4–7.5)	−13
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (95 % CI)	128 (127–129)	−8	135 (135–136)	−20
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (95 % CI)	74 (74–75)	−8	74 (74–75)	−20
Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (95 % CI)	178.7 (176.8–180.6)		164.6 (163.1–166.1)
non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (95 % CI)	114.2 (112.5–116.0)		114.2 (112.8–115.6)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (95 % CI)	93.3 (91.7–94.8)	−666	84.1 (82.9–85.3)	−1082
CV-hist1, %	5.6		25.3	−4
CV-hist2, %	7.3		31.1
CV-hist3, %	9.6	−113	36.6	−157
Microvascular complication, %	54.1	−224	74.9	−333

Patient characteristics at the end of the measurement period of the type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes patients from the non-HDL cholesterol cohort. Values are represented as means with their 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI), or as percentage (%). The negative values indicate the number of incomplete records that were not taken into account for the calculation. CV-hist1 is defined as a history of MI, CABG or PCI. CV-hist2 is defined as a history of MI, CABG, PCI, TIA or CVA. CV-hist3 is defined as a history of MI, CABG, PCI, TIA, CVA, peripheral bypass, or the absence of foot pulses. Microvascular complication is defined as any of the following: albuminuria ≥30 mg/dl, creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dl, dialysis or kidney transplantation, retinopathy, neuropathy, and foot ulcer or amputation

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