Table 1 Description of the phases of the CATCH-ED intervention

Phase 1 (Month 1–2):

Engagement and goal-setting

- Engage participant as soon as it is feasible (meet in the hospital ED or inpatient unit if possible)

- Rapidly assess needs, strengths, and existing resources

- Understand reasons for frequent ED use

- Provide practical needs assistance to meet basic needs and resolve immediate crises

- Develop individualized and focused treatment and support plans

- Liaise with participant’s other care providers

Phase 2 (Months 2–3):

Bridging and connecting to community-based care

- Provide ongoing practical needs assistance and crisis support

- Make referrals to longer-term community-based supports as needed

- Strengthen support network as needed

Phase 3 (Months 3–6): Transitioning and transfer of care

- Transfer care to longer-term resources and support network developed in Phase 2