Table 5 Parenting and child outcome indicators and assessment points

Breastfeeding initiation + duration [11]

x

x

x

Provision of safe + nurturing home environment [11]

x

x

x

x

Parenting attitudes/beliefs (Adolescent-Adult Parenting Inventory II) [81, 82]

x

Child exposure to 2nd hand smoke [83]

x

x

x

x

Neonatal health

Pre-term birth

x

Birth weight

x

Apgar scores (1 + 5 min)

x

Intensive care admission(s)

x

General health + long-term illness [67, 73]

x

Immunizations

x

x

x

x

Language (Ages and Stages) [84]

x

x

Language + cognition² (Bayley SID-III; MacArthur-Bates Communication Development Inventories) [85, 86]

x

Behaviour² (Child Behavior Checklist) [87, 88]

x

Healthcare encounters for injuries³

x

x

x

x

Substantiated abuse or neglect

x

x

x

x

Prenatal programs

x

x

Primary + secondary healthcare

x

x

x

x

x

x

Specialist care, e.g., mental health

x

x

x

x

x

x

Financial/educational assistance

x

x

x

x

x

x

Other services, e.g., housing

x

x

x

x

x

x

Parenting programs

x

x

x

x

x

x

Early child development programs

x

x

x

x

Other services

x

x

x

x

x

x

Barriers to essential services

x

x

x

x

x

x