The impact of primary care reform on health system performance in Canada: a systematic review

Carter, Renee; Riverin, Bruno; Levesque, Jean-Frédéric; Gariepy, Geneviève; Quesnel-Vallée, Amélie

doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1571-7

BMC Health Services Research

Table 2 Characteristics of studies included in the systematic review

From: The impact of primary care reform on health system performance in Canada: a systematic review

Organizational change	Study				Population			Intervention
Organizational change	Source	Year	Design	Province	Study population	N	Sub-population	Study follow-up	Intervention^a	Comparison group	Primary Outcome
Team-based primary care models	Héroux, J. et al.	2014	Cohort study	Quebec	Patients	231,938	Vulnerable patients	3 years	Family medicine groups	Individuals not enrolled in a Family medicine group	Health service utilization
	Lévesque, J.F. et al.	2012	Cohort study	Quebec	Patients	598	Chronically ill (diabetes, heart failure, COPD, arthritis)	18 months	Family medicine groups^b	Individuals receiving care in community health centers	Processes of care
	Feldman, D.E. et al.	2012	Cohort study	Quebec	Patients	598	Chronically ill (diabetes, heart failure, COPD, arthritis)	18 months	Family medicine groups^b	Individuals receiving care in community health centers	Processes of care
	Manns, B.J. et al.	2012	Cohort study	Alberta	Patients	154,928	Diabetes	1 year	Primary care networks	Individuals not enrolled in a Primary Care Network	Health service utilization
	Campbell, D.J.T. et al.	2012	Cohort study	Alberta	Patients	106,653	Diabetes Low-income First Nations	1 year	Primary care networks	Individuals in the sub-population of interest not enrolled with a Primary Care Network	Health service utilization
Payment models and incentives	Kiran, T. et al.	2014	Before and after	Ontario	Patients	Cervical cancer: 3,056,337 Breast cancer: 1,600,645 Colorectal cancer: 3,713,963	NA	10 years	Pay for performance	Outcome measures in the pre-intervention period	Processes of care
	Li, J. et al.	2014	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	2,154	NA	10 years	Pay for performance	FFS	Processes of care
	Kantarevic, J. et al.	2013	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	3,588	Diabetes	2 years	Blended capitation	Enhanced FFS	Processes of care
	Kiran, T. et al.	2012	Cohort study	Ontario	Patients	58, 927	Diabetes	5 years	Payment models^c	Outcome measures in the pre-intervention period	Processes of care
	Jaakimainen, L.R. et al.	2011	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	3,940	NA	4 years	Payment models^d	Outcome measures in the pre-intervention period	Processes of care
	Kantarevic, J. et al.	2015	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	3,428	NA	7 years	Blended capitation	Enhanced FFS	Physician costs/productivity
	Kantarevic, J. et al.	2014	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	673	Complex and vulnerable patients	2 years	Capitated incentive payment	Enhanced FFS	Physician costs/productivity
	Kralj, B. et al.	2013	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	4,156	NA	4 years	Blended capitation	Enhanced FFS	Physician costs/productivity
	Kantarevic, J. et al.	2011	Before and after	Ontario	Physicians	7,003	NA	17 years	Enhanced FFS^e	FFS	Physician costs/productivity

^aWhere the name of the practice model was not specified, only the payment modality is listed. Accordingly: Harmonized (blended capitation) models include: Family Health Networks and Family Health Organizations, Non-harmonized (enhanced FFS) models include: Family Health Group and Chronic Care Model
^bThe control group was identified according to how the comparisons were being made in the article and by what was listed as the reference category in a results table from a regression model
^cThe intervention group was identified as ‘payment models’ in instances where studies from Ontario survey all payment models as opposed to studying the effect of a single payment model in relation to a control group. Where the name of the practice model is given, we also specified the payment modality associated with it
^dThe authors examined the Family Health Group model (enhanced FFS) and the Family Health Network model (blended capitation). Enhanced FFS refers to predominantly FFS payment with bonuses for extended opening hours and patient enrolment
^eThe authors examined the Family Health Group model (enhanced FFS)

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ISSN: 1472-6963

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