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Table 4 Predictors of Discharge to home among patients who had a hospital admission after presenting to ED with hypertension as the primary diagnosis

From: Emergency Department and Inpatient Healthcare utilization due to Hypertension

 

Univariate

Multivariable-adjusted

 

Odds Ratioa (95 % CI)

Odds Ratioa (95 % CI)

Age

 <50

Ref

 

 50- <65

0.62 (0.58, 0.68)***

0.74 (0.68, 0.81)***

 65- <80

0.28 (0.25, 0.30)***

0.48 (0.43, 0.53)***

 ≥80

0.12 (0.11, 0.13)***

0.21 (0.18, 0.23)***

Gender

 Female

Ref

Ref

 Male

1.28 (1.22, 1.34)***

1.06 (1.00, 1.11)*

Median house hold income

 1st quartile (< $38,999)

Ref

Ref

 2nd quartile ($39,000 to $47,999)

0.96 (0.89, 1.04)

1.05 (0.97, 1.14)

 3rd quartile ($48,000 to $62999)

0.89 (0.80, 0.98)*

1.05 (0.95, 1.16)

 4th quartile ($63,000 or more)

0.70 (0.64, 0.77)***

1.00 (0.90, 1.10)

Primary payer

 Medicare

Ref

Ref

 Medicaid

2.67 (2.46, 2.90)***

1.39 (1.25, 1.55)***

 Private insurance

4.29 (3.93, 4.68)***

2.07 (1.88, 2.27)***

 Self-pay/No charge

7.23 (6.53, 8.01)***

2.71 (2.35, 3.12)***

 Other

4.89 (3.92, 6.10)***

2.20 (1.76, 2.74)***

Patient location (residence)

 Micropolitan/not metro

Ref

Ref

 Metropolitan (large or small)

0.97 (0.87, 1.09)

0.89 (0.80, 0.99)*

Hospital Region

 Northeast

Ref

Ref

 Midwest

1.27 (1.08, 1.50)**

1.10 (0.94, 1.29)

 South

1.56 (1.40, 1.74)***

1.45 (1.28, 1.64)***

 West

1.64 (1.41, 1.91)***

1.80 (1.55, 2.09)***

Teaching status of hospital

 Metropolitan non -teaching or non-metro

Ref

Ref

 Metropolitan teaching

1.15 (1.02, 1.29)*

1.15 (1.04, 1.28)

Comorbidities

 CHD (ref: no)

0.59 (0.56, 0.63)***

0.98 (0.93, 1.03)

 Hyperlipidemia (ref: no)

1.05 (1.00, 1.10)*

1.28 (1.22, 1.35)***

 Renal failure (ref: no)

0.52 (0.48, 0.55)***

0.75 (0.71, 0.80)***

 Heart Failure (ref: no)

0.36 (0.34, 0.39)***

0.62 (0.59, 0.66)***

 Gout (ref: no)

0.79 (0.73, 0.87)***

1.14 (1.03, 1.26)**

 Diabetes (ref: no)

0.75 (0.71, 0.78)***

0.82 (0.78, 0.86)***

 COPD (ref: no)

0.50 (0.47, 0.54)***

0.81 (0.75, 0.87)***

 Osteoarthritis (ref: no)

0.62 (0.58, 0.67)***

0.94 (0.86, 1.02)

 Length of stay, in days

0.84 (0.83, 0.86)***

0.88 (0.87, 0.89)***

  1. CHD, coronary heart disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
  2. aOdds ratio from the logistic regression
  3. *p-value <0.05; **p-value <0.01; ***p-value <0.001; Significant odds ratios are in bold