Table 6 Risk of bias summary - Details of RCTs included in the study and assessment of the risk of bias of each study according to Cochrane
|  | Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Blinding participants and personnel (performance bias) | Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) (patient-reported outcomes) | Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) (short-term 2–6 weeks) | Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) (long-term >6 weeks) | Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case Managers – Randomised Controlled Trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) | |||||||
 Chien and Lee 2008 [23]  Hong Kong  Not registered | ? | ? | + | + | + | + | ? |
 Chien and Lee 2011 [24]  Hong Kong  Not registered | + | + | + | + | + | + | ? |
 Jansen et al., 2011 [25]  The Netherlands  ISRCTN83135728 | + | + | + | + | + | + | - |
 Lam et al., 2010 [26]  Hong Kong  Not registered | + | + | + | + | + | + | - |
Care Managers – Randomised Controlled Trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) | |||||||
 Callahan et al., 2006 [47]  USA  NCT00246896 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
 Chodosh et al., 2012 [44]  USA  ISRCTN72577751 | + | + | ? | ? | + | + | + |
 Duru et al., 2009 [45]  USA  ISRCTN72577751 | + | + | ? | ? | + | + | + |
 Specht et al., 2009 [48]  USA  Not registered | + | ? | - | - | - | - | ? |
 Vickrey et al., 2006 [46]  USA  ISRCTN72577751 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Counselling support roles – Randomised Controlled Trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) | |||||||
 Bass et al., 2003 [33]  USA  Not registered | + | ? | + | ? | ? | ? | ? |
 Brodaty et al., 2009 [38]  UK & USA  Not registered | + | ? | ? | + | + | + | ? |
 Burns et al., 2003 [35]  USA  NCT00178165 | + | ? | ? | + | ? | ? | + |
 Clark et al., 2004 [34]  USA  Not registered | + | ? | + | ? | ? | - | ? |
 Eisdorfer et al., 2003 [36]  USA  NCT00178165 | + | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | + |
 Fortinsky et al., 2008 [43]  USA  Not registered | + | + | ? | + | + | + | ? |
 Gaugler et al., 2008 [30]  USA  NCT00362284 | + | ? | ? | ? | + | + | + |
 He’bert et al., 2003 [39]  Canada  Not registered | + | ? | ? | + | + | + | ? |
 Mahoney et al., 2003 [37]  USA  NCT00178165 | + | ? | ? | + | + | + | + |
 Mittelman et al., 2004 [31]  USA NCT00362284 | + | ? | - | - | + | + | + |
 Mittelman et al., 2006 [32]  USA  NCT00362284 | + | + | - | ? | + | + | + |
 Nobili et al., 2004 [40]  Italy  Not registered | + | ? | ? | ? | + | + | ? |
 Teri et al., 2003 [41]  USA  Not registered | + | + | ? | + | + | + | ? |
 Wray et al., 2010 [42]  USA | + | ? | ? | + | ? | ? | - |
Team based/Multi-Agency/Integrated Support Roles – Randomised Controlled Trials (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) | |||||||
 Eloniemi-Sulkava et al., 2009 [49]  Finland  Not registered | + | + | ? | - | - | - | ? |
Support/Key worker roles – Observational Study Design Analytic Cohort Studies (adapted from the CASP) | |||||||
 Woods et al., 2003 [52]  United Kingdom  Not Registered | + | + | ? | - | + | - | ? |
Team Based/Multi-Agency/Integrated Support Roles – Observational Study Design Descriptive Case Report/Case Series (CASP) | |||||||
 Stevenson et al., 2006 [50]  United Kingdom  Not Registered | ? | - | ? | - | - | - | ? |