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Table 1 The three layers of power in policy-making

From: The role of power in health policy dialogues: lessons from African countries

Type of power

Focus

Policy concept

Relational (transitive and intransitive)

Achievement of policy outcomes by agents’ interaction

Policy innovation

Dispositional

Positioning of agents in arrangements mediated by rules and resources

Policy arrangements

Structural

Structuring of arrangements mediated by orders of signification, domination and legitimization

Political modernization

  1. Source: Arts B, Van Tatenhove J. Policy and power: A conceptual framework between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ policy idioms. Policy Sciences 2004;37 (3–4):339–356