Table 1 Patient characteristics
From: Clinical characteristics and preventable acute care spending among a high cost inpatient population
Top 1 % | Top 5 % | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | All | High Cost | Non High Cost | High Cost | Non High Cost |
(n = 36,892) | (n = 369) | (n = 36,523) | (n = 1,844) | (n = 35,048) | |
Age, yrs median (IQR) | 46 (26–68) | 61 (47–74) | 45 (26–68) | 66 (52–78) | 44 (25–67) |
Category, % | |||||
- 0–18 | 18.9 | 7.9 | 19.0 | 6.0 | 19.5 |
- 19–45 | 31.2 | 15.7 | 31.3 | 12.0 | 32.2 |
- 46–69 | 27.0 | 45.5 | 26.8 | 39.6 | 26.3 |
- 70–79 | 11.4 | 17.3 | 11.3 | 21.3 | 10.9 |
- 80+ | 11.6 | 13.6 | 11.6 | 21.1 | 11.2 |
Male, % | 39.5 | 57.5 | 39.3 | 54.4 | 38.7 |
Marital Status, % | |||||
- Married/Common-law | 51.3 | 49.3 | 51.3 | 53.1 | 51.2 |
- Single | 31.5 | 29.8 | 31.5 | 22.2 | 31.9 |
- Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 12.9 | 17.9 | 12.9 | 22.1 | 12.5 |
- Unknown | 4.3 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 4.4 |
Elixhauser Comorbidities, % | |||||
- Congestive heart failure | 3.8 | 12.7 | 3.7 | 10.5 | 3.5 |
- Cardiac arrhythmias | 5.6 | 15.7 | 5.5 | 14.9 | 5.1 |
- Valvular disease | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.9 |
- Pulmonary circulation disorders | 1.0 | 4.3 | 1.0 | 3.2 | 0.9 |
- Peripheral vascular disorders | 3.0 | 7.1 | 3.0 | 8.7 | 2.7 |
- Hypertension (uncomplicated) | 12.2 | 23.9 | 12.1 | 29.7 | 11.3 |
- Hypertension (with complications) | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
- Paralysis | 1.1 | 7.9 | 1.1 | 5.3 | 0.9 |
- Neurodegenerative disorders | 3.2 | 8.7 | 3.2 | 8.6 | 3.0 |
- COPD | 5.4 | 12.2 | 5.3 | 11.7 | 5.1 |
- Diabetes (uncomplicated) | 8.6 | 15.5 | 8.5 | 16.8 | 8.2 |
- Diabetes (with complications) | 7.7 | 23.6 | 7.5 | 21.8 | 6.9 |
- Hypothyroidism | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.2 |
- Renal failure | 2.9 | 6.8 | 2.9 | 8.1 | 2.7 |
- Liver disease | 1.4 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 1.2 |
- Peptic ulcer disease, no bleeding | 0.6 | 3.0 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.5 |
- AIDS/HIV | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
- Lymphoma | 1.2 | 4.3 | 1.2 | 4.4 | 1.1 |
- Metastatic cancer | 4.4 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 7.2 | 4.3 |
- Solid tumor without metastasis | 11.2 | 14.1 | 11.2 | 18.9 | 10.8 |
- Rheumatoid arthritis | 0.9 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 0.8 |
- Coagulopathy | 1.2 | 5.2 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 1.1 |
- Obesity | 1.6 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
- Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 1.2 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 1.1 |
- Blood loss anemia | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
- Deficiency anemia | 1.2 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 1.1 |
- Alcohol abuse | 2.0 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 4.1 | 1.8 |
- Drug abuse | 1.1 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 1.1 |
- Psychosis | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.9 |
- Depression | 2.2 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 2.1 |
Elixhauser Comorbidity Score, median (IQR) | 0 (0–4) | 4 (0–11) | 0 (0–4) | 5 (0–11) | 0 (0–4) |