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Table 3 Logistic regression of living in urban versus rural areas

From: Differences in severity at admission for heart failure between rural and urban patients: the value of adding laboratory results to administrative data

Effect

Without laboratory data

With laboratory data

Odds Ratio

95 % Wald

Odds Ratio

95 % Wald

Confidence Limits

Confidence Limits

Patient demographics

      

Age (years)

      

 18–44

reference

  

reference

  

 45–64

.933

.774

1.13

.911

.754

1.10

 65–84

.652

.548

.777**

.645

.540

.770**

 85+

.736

.612

.886**

.714

.592

.863**

Female

1.22

1.12

1.32**

1.20

1.11

1.31**

AHRQ comorbidity indicators

      

Hypertension

1.26

1.16

1.38**

1.23

1.12

1.34**

Renal failure

.986

.903

1.08

1.05

.940

1.17

Chronic lung disease

.829

.761

.904

.821

.752

.897**

Diabetes mellitus

.922

.848

1.00

.932

.856

1.01

Weight loss

2.48

1.83

3.36**

2.50

1.84

3.39**

Paralysis and other neurological disorders

.874

.753

1.00

.887

.763

1.03

Metastatic cancer

1.51

.953

2.38

1.46

.915

2.31

Peripheral vascular disease

1.11

.972

1.28

1.11

.964

1.27

Depression and psychoses

1.08

.946

1.23

1.06

.931

1.21

Liver disease

1.11

.830

1.50

1.10

.819

1.49

Characteristics of the stay

      

Year

      

 2008

2.95

2.58

3.37**

3.60

3.31

4.14**

 2010

1.47

1.29

1.67**

1.36

1.20

1.55**

 2011

1.12

.992

1.26

1.07

.942

1.21

 2012

reference

  

reference

  

APR-DRG Severity

      

 1

reference

  

reference

  

 2

1.01

.861

1.19

.918

.779

1.08

 3

1.22

1.03

1.43*

1.12

.942

1.32

 4

1.55

1.26

1.92**

1.43

1.15

1.78**

Laboratory results

      

Hemoglobin – abnormal

   

.957

.869

1.06

Hemoglobin – severely abnormal

   

1.07

.673

1.71

Hemoglobin – missing

   

.922

.765

1.11

Sodium – abnormal

   

1.10

.922

1.32

Sodium – severely abnormal

   

.831

.527

1.31

Sodium – missing

   

.799

.487

1.31

Creatinine – abnormal

   

.811

.723

.909**

Creatinine – severely abnormal

   

.917

.801

1.05

Creatinine – missing

   

1.17

.730

1.86

BNP – abnormal

   

1.05

.931

1.17

BNP – severely abnormal

   

1.29

1.12

1.48**

BNP – missing

   

.461

.407

.522**

AIC

14,981.9

14,643.1

  1. * p < .05. ** p < .01
  2. BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, AIC Akaike’s Information Criterion
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