Table 1 Healthcare utilization and perceived good health by predisposing, enabling and need factors among older Chinese, 2013
Health services utilization and perceived health | Physical examinations in the last 18Â months | Inpatient care in the last year | Seeing a doctor in the last month | Good perceived health |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 36.7 | 11.9 | 21.5 | 23.8 |
Age 45–54 | 30.9 | 8.9 | 19.4 | 27.9 |
Age 55–64 | 33.7 | 11.0 | 20.6 | 22.9 |
Age 65–74 | 47.3 | 14.7 | 25.0 | 20.5 |
Age 75+ | 44.8 | 18.5 | 24.0 | 20.3 |
Male | 36.5 | 12.4 | 19.0 | 26.5 |
Female | 37.1 | 11.7 | 23.7 | 21.5 |
Under primary school | 33.2 | 12.7 | 23.0 | 20.7 |
School without degree | 38.4 | 11.6 | 20.3 | 25.9 |
College and above degrees | 73.5 | 11.2 | 17.4 | 44.3 |
Communist party member | 53.2 | 16.1 | 21.8 | 28.9 |
Not Communist party member | 34.7 | 11.4 | 21.4 | 23.2 |
Married with spouse presented | 36.8 | 11.8 | 20.7 | 24.8 |
Married with spouse away | 28.2 | 9.1 | 19.5 | 22.3 |
Separated/divorced/widowed | 40.7 | 15.0 | 26.4 | 20.7 |
Single | 30.7 | 7.0 | 23.4 | 11.7 |
Han | 37.5 | 12.1 | 21.7 | 24.1 |
Minority | 28.7 | 11.6 | 17.7 | 22.2 |
Agricultural household registration | 31.8 | 11.6 | 21.3 | 23.0 |
Non-agricultural household registration | 53.0 | 13.3 | 21.5 | 26.9 |
Other household registration | 50.5 | 7.9 | 19.6 | 32.0 |
Rural resident | 31.1 | 11.3 | 21.5 | 22.0 |
Urban resident | 45.0 | 13.2 | 21.2 | 26.7 |
Better living standard | 51.1 | 12.1 | 19.7 | 42.9 |
About same living standard | 42.3 | 11.7 | 20.5 | 28.6 |
Worse living standard | 34.0 | 11.6 | 22.3 | 19.6 |
Average or above household expenditure | 44.3 | 14.3 | 22.7 | 25.6 |
Lower than average household expenditure | 33.2 | 11.0 | 20.8 | 23.2 |
Government insurance | 63.8 | 16.2 | 22.4 | 31.5 |
Urban employee insurance | 60.7 | 14.5 | 24.0 | 28.0 |
Urban resident insurance | 42.6 | 12.1 | 20.6 | 25.0 |
New rural cooperative insurance | 31.9 | 11.8 | 21.4 | 22.1 |
Commercial insurance | 49.1 | 9.4 | 16.0 | 38.9 |
Other type of insurance | 45.6 | 12.7 | 23.2 | 26.9 |
No insurance | 25.5 | 9.1 | 15.8 | 28.8 |
No chronic disease | 30.6 | 7.7 | 14.6 | 35.2 |
One chronic disease | 35.5 | 12.0 | 22.1 | 21.4 |
Two chronic diseases | 39.2 | 14.3 | 24.4 | 13.8 |
Three and more chronic diseases | 47.5 | 20.0 | 32.5 | 10.0 |
Diseases not reported | 37.3 | 10.5 | 19.5 | 30.0 |
Any physical disability | 38.5 | 16.9 | 26.7 | 10.3 |
No physical disability | 36.8 | 11.9 | 21.3 | 24.8 |
Any functional loss | 41.4 | 18.0 | 27.8 | 12.9 |
No functional loss | 36.2 | 11.3 | 20.6 | 25.3 |
Good perceived health | 36.2 | 6.2 | 9.9 | 100.0 |
Fair perceived health | 36.2 | 9.6 | 19.3 | Â |
Poor perceived health | 38.2 | 21.2 | 35.3 | Â |
Very poor perceived health | 39.2 | 26.7 | 38.2 | Â |
With any ADL | 41.8 | 25.4 | 32.5 | 5.8 |
Without ADL | 36.9 | 13.3 | 24.8 | 16.7 |
ADL not reported | 35.6 | 6.9 | 12.5 | 41.7 |
No depression | 37.9 | 10.4 | 19.6 | 26.9 |
Moderate/mild depression | 32.8 | 15.9 | 31.7 | 7.4 |
Major depression | 30.1 | 18.7 | 39.7 | 3.6 |
Depression not reported | 35.0 | 16.0 | 21.6 | 22.6 |
Fair/poor memory | 36.3 | 11.8 | 23.0 | 18.6 |
Good memory | 41.0 | 10.8 | 14.7 | 48.3 |
No pain | 37.7 | 10.3 | 16.9 | 30.5 |
A little pain | 36.5 | 13.5 | 27.8 | 14.9 |
Some pain | 36.4 | 14.9 | 31.6 | 10.7 |
Quite a lot pain | 34.1 | 16.1 | 33.8 | 5.1 |
A lot pain | 35.0 | 15.6 | 36.5 | 5.5 |
Current a smoker | 30.7 | 8.8 | 18.0 | 26.4 |
Former a smoker | 43.7 | 21.4 | 21.3 | 19.6 |
Never a smoker | 37.7 | 11.4 | 22.9 | 23.2 |
Drinking alcohol more than once per month | 33.7 | 7.8 | 16.1 | 29.8 |
Drinking alcohol less than once per month | 38.2 | 9.0 | 21.1 | 26.4 |
Not drinking alcohol | 37.9 | 14.1 | 23.6 | 21.3 |
Regular physical exercises | 38.2 | 12.1 | 23.3 | 22.3 |
Less than regular physical exercises | 32.4 | 10.0 | 21.8 | 23.2 |
No physical exercise | 33.6 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 19.1 |
Not reported | 37.5 | 12.1 | 21.0 | 24.7 |