Outcome-based health equity across different social health insurance schemes for the elderly in China

Table 2 The disparities in health care expenditure by Insurance Schemes

	Total health care expenditure (CNY)		Insurance expenditure^f (CNY)		Out-of-pocket cost (CNY)
	2006	2010	2006	2010	2006	2010
UEBMI^a	4217.77	8089.14	2627.8 (62.30 %)^d	5059.74 (62.55 %)	1416.77 (33.59 %)	2638.17 (32.61 %)
URBMI^b	——	4013.44*	——	1255.14* (31.27 %)	——	2458.50* (61.26 %)
NCMS	1005.71*	1899.80*	111.79* (11.12 %)	526.26* (27.70 %)	855.36* (85.05 %)	1255.95* (66.11 %)
Uninsured	1099.14*	3362.22*	0*	0*	992.05* (90.26 %)^e	2660.23* (79.12 %)
Total^c	2100.68***	4460.44***	912.05*** (43.42 %)	2295.79*** (51.47 %)	1089.3*** (51.85 %)	1927.95*** (43.22 %)
Difference
UEBMI	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
URBMI	——	4075.70	——	3804.6	——	179.67
NCMS	3212.06	6189.34	2516.01	4533.48	561.41	1382.22
Uninsured	3118.63	3628.70	2627.80	5059.74	424.72	−22.06
Relative ratio
UEBMI	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
URBMI	——	2.02	——	4.03	——	1.07
NCMS	4.19	4.26	23.51	9.61	1.66	2.10
Uninsured	3.84	2.41	——	——	1.43	0.99

^aIn the Post Hot Tests, this table only presented the significant level of difference in each two groups’ means if taking UEBMI as a reference; * the mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level
^bAs URBMI was launched in 2007, there is no data for this insurance plan in 2006
^c***p < 0.001, at least one group had a significantly different mean of total health expenditures, insurance expenditures and out-of-pocket expenses
^dThe percentage in brackets demonstrated the proportion of insurance expenditures/ out-of-pocket cost accounted for total healthcare expenditures in each insurance scheme
^eThe reason why out-of-pocket did not account for 100 % of total healthcare expenditures for uninsured group was that partially covered by Medical Assistance System
^fThe insurance expenditures of UEBMI included both outpatient and inpatient costs in 2006 and 2010; which of URBMI and NCMS contained only inpatient reimbursements in 2006 and both inpatient and outpatient benefits in 2010 as the policy changed in 2009

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