| 2006 | 2010 |
---|---|---|
Characteristics | n = 19947 | n = 19986 |
Age: mean (SDa) | 71.18 (7.00) | 72.25 (7.45) |
 Range (years) | 60–109 | 60–103 |
Sex: n (%) | 19947 (100) | 19986 (100) |
 Men | 10462 (52.4) | 10338 (51.7) |
 Women | 9485 (47.6) | 9648 (48.3) |
Education: n (%) | 19929 (100) | 19957 (100) |
 Illiteracy | 7146 (35.9) | 5779 (29.0) |
 Primary school | 7255 (36.4) | 7772 (38.9) |
 Junior middle school | 2918 (14.6) | 3635 (18.2) |
 Senior middle school/Technical secondary school | 1664 (8.3) | 1780 (8.9) |
 University and above | 946 (4.7) | 991 (5.0) |
Individual incomeb: mean (SD) | 483.35 (963.45) | 886.61 (1689.56) |
Hukou: n (%) | 19914 (100) | 19973 (100) |
 Urban | 9920 (49.8) | 10054 (50.3) |
 Rural | 9994 (50.2) | 9919 (49.7) |
Numbers of chronic disease: mean (SD) | 1.96 (2.00) | 2.85 (1.92) |
 Range | 1–16 | 1–25 |
Social support: mean (SD) | 12.05 (7.13) | 19.80 (18.81) |
Health insurance: n (%) | 18662 (100) | 19532 (100) |
 UEBMI | 6328 (33.9) | 7423 (38.0) |
 URBMIc | —— | 1853 (9.5) |
 NCMS | 4698 (25.2) | 9675 (49.5) |
 Uninsured | 7636 (40.9) | 581 (3.0) |