Table 8 Simple bivariate logistic regression and multivariable regression for predictors of higher error reporting (n = 309)

Organizational culture

 Favorable organizational culture

2.43 (1.51-3.92)

<0.001

3.58 (1.93-6.63)

<0.001

 Unfavorable organizational culture

1

1

Nurse participation in governance

 Favorable NPG

1.83 (1.16-2.87)

0.009

3.33 (1.87-5.95)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NPG

1

1

Nurse participation in hospital affairs

 Favorable NPHA

2.96 (1.85-4.70)

<0.001

5.08 (2.69-9.57)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NPHA

1

1

Nurse manager ability, leadership and support

 Favorable NMALS

1.56 (0.98-2.48)

0.057

2.61 (1.40-4.84)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NMALS

1

1

Nurse foundations for quality care

 Favorable NFQC

3.12 (1.96-4.98)

<0.001

4.83 (2.59-9.02)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NFQC

1

1

Nurse staffing and resource adequacy

 Favorable NSRA

7.83 (4.64-13.22)

<0.001

7.86 (4.18-14.75)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NSRA

1

1

Nurse coworker relations

 Favorable NCR

6.13 (3.62-10.37)

<0.001

5.58 (2.97-10.50)

<0.001

 Unfavorable NCR

1

1

Age

 ≥30 years

13.73 (7.91-23.86)

<0.001

 ≤29 years

1

Marital status

 Married

5.54 (3.39-9.05)

<0.001

1.33 (1.17-1.64)

0.001

 Not married

1

1

Income

 ≥40,000 PKR

2.55 (1.54-4.21)

<0.001

 ≤39,999 PKR

1

Degree

 BSc in Nursing or above

1.68 (1.07-2.65)

0.025

 Diploma

1

Designation

 Manager or instructor

2.15 (1.15-4.02)

0.017

 Staff or student nurse

1

Nature of employment contract

 Permanent

6.98 (4.21-11.57)

<0.001

1.29 (1.14-1.60)

0.001

 Contractual

1

1