From: Is exposure in vivo cost-effective for chronic low back pain? A trial-based economic evaluation
 | Mean (SD) | Mean difference (95 % CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | GA (n = 31) | EXP (n = 31) | EXP versus GA | |
Age (years) | 45.45 (8.42) | 47.13 (9.58) | −1.67 | (-2.90 to 6.26) |
Gender (% female) | 50Â % | 50Â % | Â | Â |
Education (%) | Â | Â | Â | (-0.51 to 0.13) |
 Low | 41.9 % | 45.2 % |  |  |
 Intermediate | 41.9 % | 54.8 % | ||
 High | 16.1 % | 0 % | ||
QBPDS (0-100)b | 53.53 (12.79) | 55.02 (11.41) | 1.48 | (-4.67 to 7.64) |
Utility (0-1)b | 0.60 (0.07) | 0.58 (0.05) | −0.02 | (-0.06 to 0.01) |
Health care costsa | 68.56 (30.27) | 65.78 (38.68) | −3.00 | (-94.00 to 99.00) |
Patient and family costsa | 332.44 (94.59) | 367.74 (84.98) | 35 | (-224.00 to 268.00) |
Productivity lossa | 1,126.98 (355.07) | 754.83 (255.86) | −372 | (-1,205.00 to 456.00) |
Total costs a | 1,529.32 (371.80) | 1,204.73 (282.12) | −325 | (-1,301 to 586) |