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Table 2 Multilevel regression analysis of the excess LOS and costs of AEs (N = 2975)

From: Excess length of stay and economic consequences of adverse events in Dutch hospital patients

 

AE

 

N (%)

Excess LOS

Costs

  

Days

SE

SE

AE (ref = no AE)

325

5.03***

0.62

2536***

192

Age

 

−0.003

0.01

−3

6

Sex (ref = men)

1555 (52)

0.26

0.38

163

200

Urgent admission (reference = no)

2073 (70)

−0.70

0.49

−537*

262

Surgery specialty (ref = non-surgery)

976 (33)

−0.67

0.48

−385

253

Type of AE (ref = cardiovascular system)

     

 Respiratory system

34

0.18

2.55

225

1355

 Renal system

29

−0.14

2.64

−78

1401

 Haematological system

20

2.27

2.89

1494

1536

 Gastrointestinal event

30

−1.15

2.58

−706

1370

 Neurological system

18

−3.32

2.94

−1653

1563

 Hospital-acquired infection

79

4.70*

2.08

2337*

1104

 Surgical or obstetric event

76

2.04

2.09

956

1112

 Other type of AE

23

4.71

2.74

2415

1457

Diagnostic groups (ref = infection diseases)

     

 Neoplasm

515 (17)

0.71

1.12

317

594

 Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

57 (2)

−0.18

1.70

−205

902

 Cardiovascular diseases

759 (26)

−1.06

1.09

−595

577

 Respiratory system

309 (10)

0.10

1.17

56

622

 Digestive system

276 (9)

1.29

1.20

781

637

 Genitourinary system

147 (5)

−0.45

1.34

−311

710

 Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions

152 (5)

0.29

1.31

156

698

 Injury and poisoning

266 (9)

0.14

1.22

141

648

 All other codes

494 (17)

−0.09

1.17

−112

623

ICCa hospital level (%)

 

5.0 %

 

0.01 %

 
  1. AE adverse event, LOS length of stay, SE Standard Error, β difference;*P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001
  2. aIntraclass correlation (ICC) is the ratio of the between-group variance and the total variance