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Table 3 Crude and adjusted regression estimates for the association between utilisation of general practitioners and SES or need variables among asylum seekers

From: Equity in access to health care among asylum seekers in Germany: evidence from an exploratory population-based cross-sectional study

Explanatory variables

 

Bivariate models

Multiple regression models (adjusted for sex, age and general health)

OR [95 % CI]

  

Model I

Model II

Modell III

   

Education

SSS

Education + SSS

Education

None/Primary (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

-

1 (Ref.)

Secondary

0.85 [0.35,2.04]

1.64 [0.49,5.53]

-

1.40 [0.32,6.04]

Tertiary

0.58 [0.25,1.38]

0.55 [0.18,1.72]

-

0.37 [0.10,1.38]

SSSa

Lower (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

-

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Middle

1.45 [0.55,3.84]

-

2.11 [0.62,7.22]

2.74 [0.74,10.18]

High

1.22 [0.46,3.21]

-

2.46 [0.67,9.04]

2.46 [0.64,9.47]

Sex

Male (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Female

1.21 [0.53,2.75]

1.92 [0.58,6.34]

2.04 [0.48,8.61]

2.06 [0.469.14]

Language

German (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

English

0.34 [0.13,0.86]

0.33 [0.08,1.28]

0.29 [0.06,1.26]

0.32 [0.06,1.66]

Othersc

1.12 [0.46,2.74]

1.28 [0.36,4.54]

1.45 [0.36,5.9]

2.06 [0.44,9.6]

Age (yrs)

 

1.07 [1.02,1.13]

1.05 [0.99,1.1]

1.06 [1.00,1.13]

1.07 [1.00,1.15]

General health statusb

“Good” (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

“Bad”

2.08 [1.05,4.11]

1.45 [0.56,3.75]

1.35 [0.48,3.8]

0.85 [0.27,2.72]

BIC

 

-

153.37

133.93

138.1

N

 

-

108

94

93

  1. OR indicates the odds ratio compared to the reference group, CI indicates 95 % confidence interval, Pseudo R2 squared for logistic regression, N absolute frequency of participating persons. Variations in N result from missing in single items. All data on utilisation of health care services refer to the past 12 months. aSSS: Subjective social status in Germany on a scale from 1 to 10. Lower: 1–4 points. Middle: 5–6 points. High: 7–10 points. b“How is your health in general?“ “Bad” = fair/bad/very bad. “Good” = good/very good. cOther languages: Arabic, French, Persian, Russian, Serbian. Bold figures: Reflect ORs which are smaller/larger than 1 with a confidence level of 95 %