The effect of cost-sharing in private health insurance on the utilization of health care services between private insurance purchasers and non-purchasers: a study of the Korean health panel survey (2008–2012)

Table 4 Effects of cost-sharing in indemnity health insurance on health care utilization according to public health financing

	Medical aid (for the poor, n = 599)									National helath insurance (n = 7225)
Variable^a	Outpatient visits per person			Inpatient admissions per person			Length of stay per person			Outpatient visits per person			Inpatient admissions per person			Length of stay per person
Variable^a	ß	S.E	p-value	ß	S.E	p-value	ß	S.E	p-value	ß	S.E	p-value	ß	S.E	p-value	ß	S.E	p-value
Time
2008	Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.
2009	0.071	0.044	0.105	−0.016	0.135	0.905	−0.025	0.273	0.927	0.047	0.017	0.006	−0.083	0.075	0.269	0.157	1.280	0.201
2010	0.086	0.050	0.084	0.040	0.134	0.762	0.027	0.197	0.889	0.121	0.021	<.0001	0.010	0.075	0.894	0.020	0.190	0.851
2011	0.092	0.050	0.069	0.057	0.140	0.682	−0.092	0.228	0.688	0.146	0.022	<.0001	0.043	0.080	0.588	−0.017	−0.160	0.873
Group (indemnity health insurance)
Non-purchasers	Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.			Ref.
Purchasers	0.928	0.207	<.0001	1.557	0.518	0.003	1.898	0.649	0.003	0.312	0.043	<.0001	0.250	0.161	0.119	0.128	0.680	0.498
Time x Group (difference-in-difference estimator)
2009	−0.345	0.180	0.055	−0.690	0.643	0.283	−1.613	0.718	0.025	0.038	0.053	0.469	0.180	0.178	0.312	0.147	0.590	0.556
2010	−0.491	0.219	0.025	−1.695	0.738	0.022	−2.978	0.910	0.001	−0.098	0.051	0.053	0.153	0.172	0.373	0.393	1.520	0.129
2011	−0.580	0.218	0.008	−0.966	0.542	0.074	−1.435	0.682	0.035	−0.115	0.051	0.025	−0.181	0.179	0.313	−0.104	−0.450	0.653

^aAdjusted for sex, age, marital status, education level, the number of chronic disease, household income, region, and employment status

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