The elimination of healthcare user fees for children under five substantially alleviates the burden on household expenses in Burkina Faso

Table 4 Effects of the intervention on expenses incurred by users of public health facilities by household income Sample: Illness episodes resulting in a visit to a public health facility in rural areas

		Eq1: Probability of incurring an expense^b				Eq2: Amount spent when expenses were incurred (in US$)^c
		Pre-intervention (2008) (1)	Post-intervention (2009) (2)	Difference(3)	Difference in differences (4)	Pre-intervention (2008) (5)	Post-intervention (2009) (6)	Difference(7)	Difference in differences (8)
Model 1^a: Expenses for services
	Poor	0.41	0.15	−0.26		0.95	0.33	−0.62
		[0.28; 0.54]	[0.07; 0.25]	[−0.37; −0.15]		[0.43; 1.47]	[−0.16; 0.85]	[−1.35; 0.11]
	Non-poor	0.60	0.09	−0.51		1.39	0.34	−1.05
		[0.49; 0.71]	[0.04; 0.17]	[−0.60; −0.42]		[0.97; 1.86]	[−0.10; 0.83]	[−1.69; −0.40]
	Difference	−0.19	0.06		0.25	−0.44	−0.01		0.43
		[−0.30; −0.08]	[−0.03; 0.15]		[0.17; 0.33]	[−1.12; 0.25]	[−0.70; 0.68]		[−0.55; 1.40]
Model 2^a: Expenses for medication purchases
	Poor	0.91	0.16	−0.75		6.48	0.88	−5.60
		[0.82; 0.97]	[0.07; 0.28]	[−0.83; −0.67]		[4.94; 8.21]	[−0.47; 2.15]	[−7.70; −3.49]
	Non-poor	0.88	0.11	−0.77		8.12	0.92	−7.21
		[0.79; 0.95]	[0.05; 0.20]	[−0.84; −0.70]		[6.75; 9.41]	[−0.50; 2.38]	[−9.18; −5.24]
	Difference	0.03	0.05		0.02	−1.64	−0.04		1.60
		[−0.04; 0.10]	[−0.04; 0.14]		[−0.05; 0.09]	[−3.76; 0.47]	[−1.99; 1.93]		[−1.28; 4.50]

^aFor each model, values predicted by simultaneous equation modelling (^b and ^c)
^bPredicted values, probit model
^cPredicted values, linear regression model. Average rate of exchange 2008–2009 : US$1 = 460 F CFA
Adjustment variables in each equation (^b and ^c): year, household income, year*household income, age, location of residence

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