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Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio with 99% confidence intervals of receiving specific utilization outcomes during the 2-year follow-up period based on the timing and adherence of physical therapy

From: Implications of early and guideline adherent physical therapy for low back pain on utilization and costs

 

Adjusted OR

Confidence interval

Timing: Early vs. Delayed

  

Advanced imaging

0.52

0.50. 0.54

Spinal injection

0.56

0.53, 0.59

Lumbar surgery

0.59

0.54, 0.65

Opioid use

0.62

0.60, 0.64

Content: Adherent vs. Non-Adherent

  

Advanced imaging

0.72

0.69, 0.76

Spinal injection

0.82

0.77, 0.87

Lumbar surgery

0.85

0.75, 0.96

Opioid use

0.97

0.93, 1.01