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Table 5 Distribution of Elixhauser comorbidity measures in HIV inpatients by gender and length of stay

From: HIV disease burden, cost, and length of stay in Portuguese hospitals from 2000 to 2010: a cross-sectional study

Comorbidity

Frequency

%

Male (n = 41,834)

Female(n = 15,210)

LOS/SCm*

%

¥

%

¥

(Median)

p-value#

Paralysis

708

1

76

13

24

11

12

<0.001

Blood loss and anemia

1,943

3

71

33

29

37

8

<0.001

Valvular heart disease

620

1

74

11

26

11

8

<0.001

Deficiency anemia

1,889

3

65

30

35

43

6

<0.001

Depression

1,597

3

77

27

23

22

6

<0.001

Weight loss

3,753

7

73

66

27

66

5

<0.001

Pulmonary circulation disorders

414

1

65

6

36

10

5

<0.001

Peptic ulcer disease excluding bleeding

205

0

45

2

55

8

5

<0.001

Hypothyroidism

148

0

37

1

64

6

5

<0.001

Other neurological disorders

3,329

6

78

60

22

46

4

<0.001

Metastatic cancer

537

1

81

10

19

7

4

<0.001

Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases

490

1

68

9

32

11

4

<0.001

Diabetes, complicated

397

1

65

6

35

9

4

0.008

Peripheral vascular disorders

230

0

87

5

14

2

4

<0.001

Fluid and electrolyte disorders

5,189

9

85

93

15

46

3

<0.001

Solid tumor without metastasis

2,905

5

82

57

18

34

3

<0.001

Congestive heart failure

1,029

2

73

18

27

19

3

<0.001

Cardiac arrhythmias

877

2

71

15

29

17

3

<0.001

Psychoses

616

1

71

11

29

12

3

<0.001

Liver disease

13,905

24

80

264

21

188

2

<0.001

Alcohol abuse

4,578

8

73

91

27

92

2

<0.001

Coagulopathy

3,187

6

73

58

27

59

2

<0.001

Chronic pulmonary disease

2,458

4

66

39

34

55

2

<0.001

Lymphoma

1,471

3

55

21

45

48

2

<0.001

Hypertension, uncomplicated

2,191

4

67

35

33

47

1

0.001

Diabetes, uncomplicated

1,709

3

70

29

30

34

1

0.062

Hypertension, complicated

518

1

72

9

28

9

1

0.001

Renal failure

1,929

3

66

31

34

43

0

0.425

Drug abuse

16,978

30

81

329

19

211

0

0.037

Obesity

225

0

76

4

24

3

−1

0.047

  1. *LOS with a specific comorbidity is defined as the days above the median LOS in patients without this comorbidity. The median LOS without each specific comorbidity was 11 days for all hospitalization episodes.
  2. #Statistical significance was determined by the Mann–Whitney U test with significance at p < 0.05.
  3. ¥Number of people in each gender per 1,000 inpatients diagnosed with a specific comorbidity.
  4. LOS = length of hospital stay.