Effect of a community-based diabetes self-management empowerment program on mental health-related quality of life: a causal mediation analysis from a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and measurements of participants by group

	Intervention Group		Control		P-value
	Intervention Group		Group
	N*		N*
Patient characteristics
Age (years)	258	63.7 ± 6.3	258	63.3 ± 6.8	0.42
Female	258	177 (68.6)	258	189 (73.3)	0.25
Latino†	258	164 (63.6)	258	152 (58.9)	0.28
Annual income below $20,000	223	180 (80.7)	226	170 (75.2)	0.16
High school or higher education	256	99 (38.7)	258	95 (36.8)	0.67
No DM education in previous 12 months	255	181 (71.0)	255	175 (68.6)	0.56
Years with DM (years)	202	12.2 ± 9.1	206	14.0 ± 11.0	0.074
Laboratory data
HbA1c (%)	257	9.7 ± 1.6	257	9.7 ± 1.7	0.93
SF-12 Scores
PCS-12 (points)‡	245	42.3 ± 6.6	244	40.9 ± 7.1	0.027
MCS-12 (points)‡	245	45.0 ± 6.5	244	44.9 ± 6.7	0.94
Social support
Social support score from Diabetes Care Profile (points) §	254	2.9 ± 1.6	256	3.0 ± 1.5	0.44

Data shown as n (%) or mean ± SD. P-values were calculated by chi-square tests or t-tests.
*Sample size varies by item because of missing responses.
†The rest of the participants were African Americans as per inclusion criteria.
‡Mean and SD in general population are 50 and 10, respectively.
§The score ranges from 1 (least support received) to 5 (most support received).
DM = diabetes mellitus, HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c, SF-12: 12-item short form, PCS-12: physical component summary score of SF-12, MCS-12: mental component summary score of SF-12.

ISSN: 1472-6963