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Table 2 Factors associated with a regular primary care doctor by logistic regression

From: Having a family doctor was associated with lower utilization of hospital-based health services

Independent variables

Odds ratio

95% CI

P-value

Age

0.987

( 0.978 - 0.997 )

0.010

Sex (male)

1.204

( 0.974 - 1.488 )

0.087

Marital status (single/ divorced/ widower)

  

0.044

– Married

1.333

( 1.047 - 1.697 )

0.019

– Refuse to answer

0.741

( 0.239 - 2.300 )

0.604

Educational level (nil/ primary)

  

0.092

– Secondary

1.319

( 1.008 - 1.725 )

0.043

– Tertiary

1.082

( 0.774 - 1.512 )

0.645

– Refuse to answer

0.765

( 0.245 - 2.391 )

0.645

Household monthly income (< $5,000)

  

<0.001

– $5,000 - $9,999

0.868

( 0.551 - 1.369 )

0.543

– $10,000 - $19,999

1.487

( 0.970 - 2.279 )

0.069

– $20,000 - $29,999

2.243

( 1.422 - 3.537 )

<0.001

– $30,000 - $39,999

2.594

( 1.583 - 4.252 )

<0.001

– ≥ $40,000

3.384

( 2.108 - 5.432 )

<0.001

– Refuse to answer

2.056

( 1.311 - 3.224 )

0.002

Occupation (blue-collar worker/ service and sales worker)

  

0.010

– Managerial/ administrative/professional/ employer

1.362

( 0.953 - 1.946 )

0.090

– White-collar worker

1.525

( 1.116 - 2.084 )

0.008

– Student

1.057

( 0.713 - 1.568 )

0.781

– Home-maker

1.142

( 0.825 - 1.581 )

0.423

– Retired/ unemployed

0.746

( 0.518 - 1.074 )

0.115

– Others

0.961

( 0.446 - 2.074 )

0.920

Chronic disease (yes)

0.738

( 0.573 - 0.950 )

0.018

Long term medication (yes)

0.559

( 0.415 - 0.753 )

<0.001

General Health Condition (poor)

  

0.467

– Excellent

1.333

( 0.727 - 2.444 )

0.353

– Very good

1.572

( 0.966 - 2.557 )

0.069

– Good

1.381

( 0.865 - 2.206 )

0.177

– Fair

1.358

( 0.874 - 2.110 )

0.173

Smoking (yes)

1.206

( 0.938 - 1.551 )

0.144

Drinking (yes)

1.139

( 0.932 - 1.393 )

0.203

Regular exercise (no/ don’t know)

1.372

( 1.131 - 1.665 )

0.001

  1. Notes: Variable in brackets is the reference category for independent variables.
  2. Logistic regression (enter): Odds ratio <1 (less likely than the reference category), Odds ratio >1 (more likely than the reference category).