Table 3 Characteristics associated with non-VA inpatient admissions in 2004 and 2005, univariate analysis

DEMOGRAPHICS

 Age

 <65

Ref

Ref

Ref

 ≥65

1.86 (1.65-2.09)

<.0001

1.39 (1.12-1.72)

0.0028

2.05 (1.77-2.36)

<.0001

 Race

 White

Ref

Ref

Ref

 African American

0.96 (0.87-1.04)

0.3126

1.08 (0.93-1.26)

0.3031

0.90 (0.81-1.01)

0.0696

 Other

3.40 (2.13-5.41)

<.0001

3.39 (1.70-6.79)

0.0006

3.58 (1.90-6.74)

<.0001

 Distance from VA

 0-9.9 miles

Ref

Ref

Ref

 10-29.9 miles

1.30 (1.16-1.46)

<.0001

1.16 (0.96-1.40)

0.1297

1.37 (1.19-1.59)

<.0001

 30-59.9 miles

1.75 (1.54-2.00)

<.0001

1.45 (1.16-1.81)

0.0012

1.91 (1.62-2.25)

<.0001

 60-119.9 miles

2.55 (2.22-2.93)

<.0001

1.92 (1.49-2.46)

<.0001

2.82 (2.38-3.34)

<.0001

 ≥120 miles

2.41 (1.82-3.20)

<.0001

2.95 (1.62-5.37)

0.0004

2.26 (1.63-3.12)

<.0001

 Co-pay status

 No Co-pay

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Co-pay

2.58 (2.04-3.27)

<.0001

1.92 (1.30-2.84)

0.001

3.01 (2.22-4.08)

<.0001

ENROLLMENT

 Medicare

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Medicaid

1.94 (1.60-2.36)

<.0001

2.51 (1.94-3.27)

<.0001

1.75 (1.30-2.36)

0.0003

 Medicare and Medicaid

2.40 (2.07-2.79)

<.0001

2.95 (2.38-3.68)

<.0001

2.26 (1.83-2.80)

<.0001

HEALTH

 HIV

 Positive

0.78 (0.71-0.85)

<.0001

 Negative

Ref

 HCC Risk Score¹

 <1

Ref

Ref

Ref

 ≥1

1.14 (1.04-1.25)

0.004

1.26 (1.08-1.46)

0.0039

1.21 (1.08-1.36)

0.0014

INPATIENT ADMISSIONS

 Number of Admissions

 1

Ref

Ref

Ref

 ≥2

3.06 (2.79-3.37)

<.0001

4.29 (3.64-5.06)

<.0001

2.64 (2.35-2.97)

<.0001

 ICU²Admission

 Yes

2.21 (1.97-2.47)

<.0001

2.00 (1.66-2.42)

<.0001

2.34 (2.02-2.70)

<.0001

 No

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Substance Abuse

 Yes

1.04 (0.94-1.15)

0.4531

1.34 (1.14-1.58)

0.0004

0.91 (0.80-1.04)

0.1549

 No

Ref

Ref

Ref