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Table 3 Sociodemographic and health-related characteristics associated with nonuse of mental health services among subjects with a depressive mood (age ≥ 19 years)

From: Sociodemographic factors associated with the use of mental health services in depressed adults: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

Variable

Adjusted model a

OR

(95% CI)

Sociodemographic factors

Gender

 Men

1.07

(0.66–1.75)

 Women

1.00

 

Age group, years

  ≥ 65

2.55

(1.13-5.76)

 50–64

1.63

(0.82-3.24)

 35–49

1.04

(0.59-1.84)

 19–34

1.00

 

Residential region

 Urban

1.08

(0.72–1.62)

 Rural

1.00

 

Education level, years

  ≤ 6

1.87

(0.97-3.60)

 7–9

2.35

(1.19-4.64)

 10–12

1.66

(1.07-2.56)

  ≥ 13

1.00

 

Marital status

 Widowed

1.40

(0.84–2.34)

 Divorced

1.29

(0.67–2.45)

 Never married

1.39

(0.74–2.62)

 Married

1.00

 

Employment status

 Unemployed

0.47

(0.32–0.67)

 Employed

1.00

 

Monthly household income

  < US$1000

0.65

(0.41–1.03)

  ≥ US$3500

0.89

(0.54–1.46)

 US$1000 to < US$3500

1.00

 

National health insurance type

 Medical aid

0.82

(0.50–1.36)

 National insurance

1.00

 

Health-related factors

Smoking status

 Current

1.11

(0.66-1.88)

 Past

1.00

(0.57-1.66)

 Never

1.00

 

Alcohol consumption status

 Current

1.10

(0.76-1.61)

 Past or never

1.00

 

Subjective health status

0.71

(0.60-0.85)

Perceived usual stress

 Very high

0.94

(0.44-1.99)

 High

1.19

(0.58-2.45)

 Low

1.45

(0.70-3.01)

 Little

1/.00

 

Ever diagnosed with a chronic disease

 Arthritis

  Yes

0.68

(0.45-1.02)

  No

1.00

 

 Diabetes

  Yes

1.77

(1.02-3.08)

  No

1.00

 

 Hypertension

  Yes

1.02

(0.67-1.56)

  No

1.00

 

 Angina

  Yes

1.04

(0.44-2.48)

  No

1.00

 

 Asthma

  Yes

0.65

(0.35-1.21)

  No

1.00

 

Intercept (coefficient, CI)

2.9133

(1.8018-4.0248)

  1. OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, if OR > 1 then less use of mental health services, and OR < 1 then more use of mental health services.
  2. aAdjusted model: adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related factors (smoking status, alcohol consumption status, usual stress awareness, subjective health status, and ever diagnosed with a chronic disease such as arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, angina, or asthma).