Table 5 Analysis of CMA by covariates in relation to timing of generic substitution among those who experienced generic substitution (n = 82,532)

Gender

 Female

(reference)

–

 Male

0.7

0.07

Age (years)

 18–39

(reference)

–

 40–49

8.6

<.0001

 50–59

13.3

<.0001

 60–69

16.9

<.0001

 70–79

17.6

<.0001

 80–

-

-^a

Level of education

 Primary school

(reference)

–

 Secondary school

−0.1

0.8

 University

−0.02

1.0

Background

 Swedish

(reference)

–

 Migrant

−4.1

<.0001

Drugs prior to index

 0

(reference)

–

 1

0.1

0.9

 2–4

0.6

0.3

 5–

2.8

<.0001

Previous cardiovascular disease

 No

(reference)

–

 Yes

11.2

<.0001

Pharmacological diabetes treatment

 No

(reference)

–

 Insulin only

−1.2

0.2

 Oral antidiabetics only or both insulin and oral antidiabetics

3.7

<.0001