Differences in medication knowledge and risk of errors between graduating nursing students and working registered nurses: comparative study

Table 4 Knowledge - association between high medication knowledge, totally and for each discipline, and the participants’ background characteristics

	Total		Pharmacology		Drug management		Drug dose calculations
	B (95% CI)	P-value	B (95% CI)	P-value	B (95% CI)	P-value	B (95% CI)	P-value
Study group (student - > nurse)	8.05 (5.86:10.24)	<0.001	5.32 (2.22:6.41)	0.001	10.87 (7.32:14.42)	<0.001	5.87 (1.58:10.16)	0.007
Age (years)	-0.02 (-0.11:0.07)	0.69	-0.09 (-0.22:0.03)	0.15	0.08 (-0.05:0.22)	0.22	-0.04 (-0.20:0.11)	0.59
Gender (men- > women)	- 2.76 (-5.25:-0.28)	0.03	-0.57 (-4.08:2.95)	0.75	-1.68 (-.39:2.04)	0.38	-5.79 (-10.06:-1.51)	0.008
Childhood outside Norway	-3.53 (-6.64:-0.42)	0.03	-5.39 (9.79:-0.98)	0.02	-1.40 (-6.05:3.24)	0.55	-4.86 (-10.24:0.53)	0.08
Maths beyond 1 year USS¹⁾	0.48 (-1.04:2.01)	0.53	-1.40 (-3.56:0.76)	0.43	0.80 (-0.48:3.08)	0.49	2.00(-0.61:4.62)	0.13
Other education prior to nurse	-0.10 (-1.64:1.43)	0.90	0.88 (-1.30:3.05)	0.20	0.50 (-1.80:2.80)	0.67	-1.88(-4.52:0.77)	0.16
Part time job	*)		*)		*)		*)
Sense of coping²⁾	- 0.16 (-3.18:2.86)	0.92	2.84 (-1.43:7.11)	0.19	0.09 (-4.43:4.60)	0.97	-3.13 (-8.32:2.05)	0.24
Sense of wellbeing/self esteem²⁾	-0.82 (-3.61:1.96)	0.56	-2.24 (-6.18:1.71)	0.27	-1.13 (-5.29:3.04)	0.60	1.11(-3.67:5.89)	0.65
Frequency of medication tasks³⁾	*)		*)
Dispensing					*)
Distribution					-1.30(-2.79:0.18)	0.09	-	-
Drug dose calculations					-	-	2.59 (1.07:4.11)	0.001
R-square change	0.20		0.05		0.18		0.15

Standard linear regression.
*)Omitted; correlation with study group >0.7 [19].
¹⁾Upper secondary school.
²⁾General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) score 0-3, 0 = better than usual, 1 = as usual, 2 = worse than usual, 3 = much worse than usual.
³⁾Frequency: 0 = less than monthly, 1 = monthly, 2 = Weekly, 3 = every working day.