|
Physician practices
|
$542.9
|
13%
|
Three studies of BIR costs in physician practices in the U.S. [5],[7],[9]
|
0.73
|
U.S. & Canadian physician survey [5]
|
|
Hospitals
|
$873.1
|
8.5%
|
Midpoint BIR for hospitals [7]
|
0.73
|
U.S. & Canadian physician survey [5]
|
|
Other health services and supplies
|
$938.8
|
10%
|
Assumption (mean percentage from physician practices and hospitals)
|
0.73
|
U.S. & Canadian physician survey [5]
|
|
Private insurers
|
$884.4
|
18%
|
2010 mean admin expenses, including profit, as % premium revenue for a sample of large and small private insurers, weighted by insured enrollment (Authors’ analysis of SEC data)
|
0.92
|
Private insurer overhead vs. Medicare overhead (1.5%) [13]
|
|
Public insurers
|
$1,139.5
|
3.1%
|
Blended average overhead for Medicare (1.5%) and Medicaid (4.6%) [13] based on authors’ calculations using 2011 NHEA data
|
0.52
|
Public insurer overhead vs. Medicare overhead [13]
|
