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Table 3 Determinants of distance to the closest public clinic for adults aged 18 and older

From: Distance decay and persistent health care disparities in South Africa

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Outcome variable:

Distance (km) from nearest clinic

At least 2 km from nearest clinic

Black African

0.735**

−0.180

−0.185

0.041

−0.108

−0.115

 

(0.310)

(0.311)

(0.323)

(0.087)

(0.072)

(0.074)

Coloured

−0.078

−0.613*

−0.601*

−0.206**

−0.284***

−0.292***

 

(0.360)

(0.337)

(0.356)

(0.085)

(0.072)

(0.073)

Primary schooling

 

−0.161***

−0.156***

 

−0.026***

−0.024***

  

(0.033)

(0.034)

 

(0.004)

(0.004)

Secondary schooling

 

−0.158***

−0.195***

 

−0.020***

−0.024***

  

(0.051)

(0.056)

 

(0.007)

(0.007)

Completed high school

 

−0.028

−0.071

 

0.029

0.021

  

(0.158)

(0.180)

 

(0.021)

(0.021)

Tertiary schooling

 

0.565**

0.630***

 

0.147*

0.171*

  

(0.219)

(0.243)

 

(0.078)

(0.087)

2nd per capita income quintile

 

−0.484**

−0.376*

 

−0.085***

−0.065**

  

(0.217)

(0.223)

 

(0.032)

(0.031)

3rd per capita income quintile

 

−0.582**

−0.480

 

−0.141***

−0.129***

  

(0.295)

(0.315)

 

(0.039)

(0.040)

4th per capita income quintile

 

−0.755**

−0.710**

 

−0.193***

−0.193***

  

(0.326)

(0.350)

 

(0.042)

(0.042)

5th per capita income quintile

 

−0.497

−0.499

 

−0.138***

−0.147***

  

(0.341)

(0.370)

 

(0.050)

(0.051)

Number of children (<15) in household

 

0.186***

0.192***

 

0.030***

0.029***

  

(0.052)

(0.057)

 

(0.008)

(0.008)

Number of individuals age 15 and older in household

 

−0.125**

−0.121**

 

−0.005

−0.005

  

(0.056)

(0.054)

 

(0.011)

(0.010)

Number of pensioners in household

 

0.389**

0.408**

 

0.043

0.058**

  

(0.164)

(0.177)

 

(0.028)

(0.029)

Self-reports poor or fair health

  

−0.441***

  

−0.055***

   

(0.163)

  

(0.020)

Observations

14,968

14,843

12,400

14,968

14,843

12,400

  1. Table reports regression coefficients from linear regressions. Sample excludes the small minority (8%) of individuals who moved recently (since 2006). The models in columns 1 to 6 include the set of control variables indicated in each column as well as an indicator that the individual is female and a quadratic in age.
  2. Results are weighted using the post-stratification weights supplied by NIDS. Standard errors that allow for correlation in the unobservables between individuals from the same sampling cluster are presented in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1