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Table 3 Number of cases, rates by 10,000 inhabitants and observed statistics of variation in procedures of low and high variability

From: Is there much variation in variation? Revisiting statistics of small area variation in health services research

A: Low variability

 

Pacemaker

Appendectomy

Hip Fracture

 

Estimate

CI

Estimate

CI

Estimate

CI

y i

11973

 

28164

 

33851

 

Rate

3.77

 

8.90

 

10.57

 

EQ

NC

--

20.61

3.20; 20.61

4.11

3.28; 4.11

EQ 5–95

3.15

2.49; 3.58

2.49

2.20; 2.74

2.37

2.00; 2.69

CV

0.38

0.33; 0.43

0.30

0.25; 0.34

0.26

0.24; 0.29

CV 5–95

0.27

0.24; 0.31

0.22

0.19; 0.25

0.21

0.19; 0.24

CVw

0.33

0.28; 0.38

0.30

0.25; 0.34

0.27

0.23; 0.31

CVw 5–95

0.26

0.23; 0.31

0.24

0.19; 0.26

0.21

0.19; 0.24

SCV

0.12

0.08; 0.16

0.11

0.08; 0.16

0.07

0.06; 0.08

SCV 5–95

0.05

0.04; 0.08

0.06

0.04; 0.08

0.04

0.03; 0.06

EB

0.13

0.08; 0.20

0.08

0.06; 0.10

0.07

0.05; 0.09

χ 2

1306.85

964.45;1711,39

2330.55

1710.91;3098.22

2394.66

1820.36;3017.15

Bohning

68.46

47.88; 92.28

136.98

93.89; 187.56

131.32

96.41; 167.70

Dean

67.44

40.11; 107.10

164.03

97.40; 246.83

132.92

80.47; 203.67

B: Low variability

 

Lower Ext. Amput.

Hernia Repair

Knee replacement

 

Estimate

CI

Estimate

CI

Estimate

CI

y i

7022

 

21101

 

23257

 

Rate

2.23

 

6.67

 

7.39

 

EQ

25.59

7.04; 25.59

NC

--

29.13

12.09; 29.14

EQ 5–95

4.11

3.54; 5.10

4.06

3.28; 4.90

5.61

4.39; 8.66

CV

0.42

0.36; 0.47

0.41

0.37; 0.45

0.49

0.44; 0.55

CV 5–95

0.33

0.27; 0.37

0.34

0.29; 0.37

0.39

0.33; 0.44

CVw

0.40

0.34; 0.46

0.41

0.35; 0.47

0.48

0.41; 0.54

CVw 5–95

0.31

0.27; 0.38

0.34

0.29; 0.38

0.39

0.32; 0.45

SCV

0.20

0.14; 0.28

0.17

0.13; 0.21

0.25

0.18; 0.32

SCV 5–95

0.13

0.07; 0.20

0.11

0.08; 0.13

0.14

0.10; 0.19

EB

0.17

0.12; 0.24

0.17

0.13; 0.22

0.27

0.19; 0.35

χ 2

1171.47

850.08;1534.95

3531.00

2723.57;4438.64

5164.25

3766.17;6898.34

Bohning

59.35

41.85; 78.83

195.84

146.27; 247.92

289.92

207.33; 384.14

Dean

54.57

32.13; 89.46

222.09

149.79; 314.23

275.13

170.29; 424.52

  1. CI: Confidence interval; EQ: extremal quotient; CV: Coefficient of variation; CVw: weighted coefficient of variation; SCV: Systematic Component of Variance; EB: Empirical Bayes; Statistic with the subindex 5–95 have been estimated excluding the 5% of areas with rates under percentile 5 and over percentile 95 for each procedure; NC: Not Calculable.