Table 3 Characteristics and outcomes of individuals classified as No metabolic syndrome, At-risk-for metabolic syndrome, and with Metabolic syndrome using individuals with all five criteria measured*
No metabolic syndrome* | At-risk-for metabolic syndrome* | Metabolic syndrome* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
0 criteria | 1-2 criteria | 3 or more | ||
Baseline characteristics | ||||
N = 30,461 | 9,529 | 16,674 | 4,258 | |
Age, years (SD) | 45 (14) | 51 (15) | 52 (14) | |
Women, % | 65.8% | 59.9% | 51.2% | |
Race (% White) | 76.9% | 76.0% | 78.1% | |
Insurance (% Commercial) | 80.2% | 66.4% | 61.2% | |
Income, $US (SD) | $80,859 ($60,623) | $69,846 ($54,333) | $61,086 ($45,290) | |
Three-year outcomes | p-value † | |||
Inpatient admissions, mean number per patient (SD) | 0.10 (0.52) | 0.23 (1.07) | 0.36 (1.25) | <.0001 |
Length of stay, mean days (SD) § | 4 (3) | 6 (3) | 6 (3) | <.0001 |
Outpatient clinic visits, mean number per patient (SD) § | 4.3 (2.2) | 7.2 (2.5) | 11.0 (2.4) | <.0001 |
Total cost, US dollars (SD) § | $3,804 ($4) | $4,665 ($4) | $5,271 ($4) | <.0001 |
Incidence of diabetes mellitus | 1.1% | 3.7% | 11.0% | <.0001 |
Incidence of CHD | 2.1% | 4.7% | 6.5% | <.0001 |