Attitudes towards 12-step groups and referral practices in a 12-step naive treatment culture; a survey of addiction professionals in Norway

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis showing factors associated with referral to TSGs.

Characteristics	Bivariate analysis OR^a (95% CI)	P-value	Multivariate analysis OR^b (95% CI)	P-value
Gender: women	0.5 (0.3 – 0.8)	< 0.006	-	-
Older age	1.0 (0.9 – 1.0)	0.254	-	-
Longer experience in addiction field	1.0 (0.9 – 1.0)	0.220	-	-
Twelve step treatment unit present in the county	3.8 (2.3 – 6.5)	< 0.001	-	-
More positive attitude about TSGs	1.7 (1.4 – 2.0)	< 0.001	-	-
More openness to TSG at workplace	1.3 (1.1 – 1.4)	< 0.001	-	-
Higher self-efficacy for making successful referrals to TSGs	1.5 (1.3 – 1.7)	< 0.001	1.3 (1.1 – 1.5)	< 0.001
Greater TSG knowledge	1.3 (1.2 – 1.4)	< 0.001	1.2 (1.1 – 1.3)	0.005
Integration and use of the 12-steps in own treatment work	8.4 (4.3 – 16.3)	< 0.001	4.4 (2.1 – 9.6)	< 0.001
Ever attended AA/NA meetings	2.7 (1.6 – 4.5)	< 0.001	-	-
Education:
- Lower education	0.9 (0.4 – 2.0)	0.762	-	-
- College university	0.4 (0.2 – 0.8)	0.011	-	-
- University	reference
Type of unit:
- Out-patient	0.8 (0.4 – 1.6)	0.565	-	-
- Short-term treatment (detox)	0.4 (0.3 – 0.8)	0.007	-	-
- Long-term treatment	reference

Variables with p-value < 0.10 were included in the multivariate analysis (N = 279)
^a = unadjusted OR
^b = adjusted OR

ISSN: 1472-6963