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Table 4 The association of end-of-life status with acute and long-term care utilisation: adjusted for all predisposing, enabling and need variables (logistic regression coefficients from Generalized Estimating Equations)

From: Utilization of acute and long-term care in the last year of life: comparison with survivors in a population-based study

 

Model 11

Model 22

Model 33

Acute care: Contact with medical specialists

0.22+

0.27+

-0.11

Acute care: Hospital care

0.77***

0.61*

0.14

Long-term care: Informal personal care

1.43***

1.59***

0.66

Long-term care: Professional home care

1.78***

1.58***

0.78+

Long-term care: Institutional care

1.11***

1.33***

0.65*

  1. 1 adjusted for age and gender (predisposing variables)
  2. 2 adjusted for age and gender (predisposing variables), education, income, urbanicity, partner status, and number of children within 15 minutes travel distance (enabling variables)
  3. 3 adjusted for age and gender (predisposing variables), education, income, urbanicity, partner status, and number of children within 15 minutes travel distance (enabling variables), and functional limitations, disability, physical performance, number of chronic diseases, seeing, hearing, self-reported health, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms (need variables)
  4. + significant at p <0.10, * significant at p < 0.05, ** significant at p < 0.01, *** significant at p < 0.001