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Table 3 Characteristics of survivors and end-of-life group: need factors

From: Utilization of acute and long-term care in the last year of life: comparison with survivors in a population-based study

Need variables

      
 

Cycle I Survivors (n = 2,737)

Deceased (n = 117)

Cycle II Survivors (n = 2,028)

Deceased (n = 80)

Cycle II Survivors (n = 1,638)

Deceased (n = 65)

Functional limitations (%)

      

Score ≥ 2

26.1

62.2***

32.6

68.8***

35.9

78.6***

Physical performance (%)

      

Score 3–5

31.3

8.3

33.0

15.4

27.2

8.5

Score 6–7

26.5

18.8

24.2

13.8

22.9

10.6

Score 8–10

26.7

34.4

27.4

27.7

30.1

27.7

Score 11–15

15.4

38.5***

15.3

43.1***

19.8

53.2***

Disability (%)

      

No

70.5

43.0

64.5

30.4

62.3

36.2

Mild

18.7

25.4

23.4

32.9

24.6

34.5

Severe

10.8

31.6***

12.1

36.7***

13.1

29.3***

Number Chronic diseases (mean)

1.3

2.0***

1.6

2.3***

1.9

2.5***

   COPD

10.6

25.7***

12.7

24.1***

14.3

25.4***

   Heart diseases

18.2

31.6***

22.7

42.3***

25.9

46.0***

   Artery disease

8.6

12.4*

11.3

36.7**

11.4

23.8**

   Stroke

4.8

13.2***

6.3

16.5***

7.1

22.2***

   Diabetes

6.1

21.1**

7.4

16.5**

8.5

11.5

   Arthritis

35.0

32.5

46.4

39.2

51.5

57.1

   Cancer

8.4

16.7**

10.8

21.5**

13.0

15.9

Difficulty Seeing (%)

21.1

29.6*

21.9

33.8*

22.6

34.4*

Difficulty Hearing (%)

31.8

38.8

34.4

40.0

31.6

42.2

Self-rated Health Fair to poor (%)

36.0

52.2***

34.7

68.4***

34.0

53.2***

Cognitive impairment: MMSE Score ≥ 23 (%)

5.9

24.8***

6.9

26.6***

5.8

30.5***

Depressive symptoms: CES-D Score ≥ 16 (%)

11.4

19.8**

11.9

27.3**

13.9

25.0**

  1. Significance tests at each cycle: * significant at p < 0.05, ** significant at p < 0.01, *** significant at p < 0.001
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BMC Health Services Research

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