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Table 3 Health History and Status of Study Population (n = 780), and Their Bivariate Association with Barriers to Healthcare Utilization

From: Barriers to healthcare utilization in fatiguing illness: a population-based study in Georgia

Characteristics

 

Barriers to Healthcare Utilization

 

All

Yes

No

Unadjusted Odds Ratiosa

Adjusted Odds Ratiosb

 

n = 780

n = 315 (40%)

n = 465 (60%)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

Fatiguing Status***

 

Row %

Row %

  

   CFS**

112 (14.36)

55.36

44.64

7.87 (4.32–14.35)

4.88 (2.42–9.86)

   CFS but an exclusionary DX*

100 (12.82)

52.00

48.00

6.88 (3.72–12.70)

5.15 (2.48–10.69)

   ISF with Exclusionary Conditions

157 (20.13)

43.31

56.69

4.85 (2.75– 8.55)

3.97 (2.14–7.36)

   ISF

264 (33.85)

42.80

57.20

4.75 (2.79– 8.08)

3.81 (2.17–6.72)

   Non-fatigued

147 (18.85)

13.61

86.39

Reference

Reference

Reported Duration of Fatigue***

     

   >= 6 months*

396 (50.77)

52.02

47.98

2.85 (2.11–3.86)

1.82 (1.25–2.65)

   <6 months

21 (2.69)

42.86

57.14

1.97 (0.81–4.83)

1.65 (0.65–4.18)

   Never

363 (46.54)

27.55

72.45

Reference

Reference

Other Health Conditions

    

Not included

   Both Psychiatric and Medical

33 (4.23)

54.55

45.45

1.89 (0.93–3.84)

--

   Psychiatric

114 (14.62)

48.25

51.75

1.47 (0.98–2.21)

--

   Medical

133 (17.05)

36.09

63.91

0.89 (0.60–1.33)

--

   None

500 (64.10)

38.80

61.20

Reference

--

BMI c *

     

   Obese (>= 29.9)

278 (35.64)

37.77

62.30

1.05 (0.74–1.51)

0.84 (0.57–1.25)

   Overweight (24.9–29.9)*

264 (33.85)

46.59

53.41

1.51 (1.06–2.17)

1.31 (0.89–1.92)

   Under/Normal Weight (<24.9)

238 (30.51)

36.55

63.45

Reference

Reference

History of CFS DX

     

   Yes

50 (6.44)

44.00

56.00

1.17 (0.66–2.09)

0.70 (0.37–1.34)

   No

727 (93.56)

40.17

59.83

Reference

Reference

OTCd Pain Relieves

     

   Taking

294 (37.69)

41.16

58.84

1.05 (0.78–1.41)

1.01 (0.74–1.39)

   Not-taking

486 (62.31)

39.92

60.08

Reference

Reference

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Per Increment

 

Number of Health Problems

1.85 1.97

2.19 (2.14)

1.61 (1.81)

1.16 (1.08–1.25)

1.09 (1.00–1.19)

Healthcare Utilization

   

Per Consultation

 

Frequency of Consultation

   

Increment

 

   Consultation on Fatigue

1.38 (3.31)

1.60 (3.88)

1.22 (2.84)

1.04 (0.99–1.08)

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

   Consultation on Sleep

0.94 (2.20)

1.03 (2.20)

0.88 (2.20)

1.03 (0.97–1.10)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

   Consultation on Cognition

0.59 (2.09)

0.57 (1.79)

0.60 (2.27)

0.99 (0.93–1.06)

0.93 (0.85–1.03)

   Consultation on Pain

3.52 (7.92)

3.66 (8.74)

3.42 (7.32)

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

  1. * indicates p-value < 0.01. **indicates p-value < 0.001. ***indicates p-value < 0.0001 (two-tailed tests); p-value < 0.05 were in bold font.
  2. Note: Values are No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
  3. a Comparison between subjects who having any barrier to healthcare and those who not.
  4. b Adjusted for all other variables in the table.
  5. c Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
  6. d OTC pain relieves included the over-the-counter (OTC) used for the reason of reducing pain such as joint, muscle, headache, backache, stomach ache, abdominal ache, arm and leg pain in the preceding two weeks.
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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