Skip to main content

Table 1 Unadjusted Baseline and Follow-Up Means or Percentages among the ACTIVE Participants (Weighted N = 1,804) in the Analytic Sample, by Treatment Group.

From: The ACTIVE cognitive training trial and predicted medical expenditures

Variable

Memory Group (N = 444)

Reasoning Group (N = 447)

Speed of Processing Group (N = 452)

Control Group (N = 462)

Total

Baseline

     

Age (years)

75.8

76.0

75.2

75.9

75.7

Men (%)

24.8

26.3

24.8

25.3

25.3

Black (%)

29.1

30.4

33.4

32.3

31.4

Education (years)

13.5

13.3

13.5

13.4

13.4

MMSE (score)

27.2

27.1

27.2

27.2

27.2

ADL Count*

0.42

0.31

0.26

0.31

0.32

IADL Count

4.16

4.26

4.11

4.16

4.17

EPT Score

18.67

17.98

18.35

18.31

18.33

Medical Cond. Count

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.2

2.3

PCS Score

42.68

41.16

42.93

42.31

42.27

MCS Score*

54.26

52.71

53.22

54.38

53.65

Predicted Annual Medical Expenditures

6,469

7,163

6,576

6,756

6,741

Changes in SF-36 Composite Scores

     

PCS (baseline to 1 year)

-.556

-.452

-.129

-.450

-.399

MCS (baseline to 1 year)

-.408

-.033

.982

.314

.208

PCS (3 to 5 years)**

-.313

.221

-.680

.168

-.151

MCS (3 to 5 years)**

.224

-.648

.701

-1.198

-.231

Predicted Annual Medical Expenditure Changes

     

Baseline to 1 year*

146.65

199.31

-130.59

91.96

78.34

3 to 5 years

229.12

234.90

73.99

202.00

184.76

  1. Notes: The analytic sample was restricted to ACTIVE participants successfully re-interviewed at the fifth annual follow-up, with propensity score weighting used to adjust for potential attrition bias, in order to avoid compositional incomparability to our prior report [19]. MMSE = mini-mental status exam; ADL = activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental ADLs; EPT = everyday performance test; and, PCS = physical component score; MCS = mental component score.
  2. * = p < .05; ** = p < .01