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Table 5 Emergency department utilisation characteristics

From: Doctor's perception of doctor-patient relationships in emergency departments: What roles do gender and ethnicity play?

 

Internal Medicine

Gynaecology

 

GW

(n = 856)

TW

(n = 698)

GM

(n = 273)

TM

(n = 282)

p1)

GW

(n = 195)

TW

(n = 125)

p1)

Time since onset of complaints

    

n.s.

  

n.s.

   Mean (hours)

84

121

157

123

 

78

119

 

   Standard deviation

193

378

1041

490

 

186

390

 

Transportation (%)

    

***

  

n.s.

   Private

49.9

81.0

51.6

74.1

 

88.2

92.8

 

   General ambulance service

15.5

4.0

10.6

6.4

 

3.1

1.6

 

   Mobile intensive care unit

29.2

12.8

34.1

15.6

 

5.6

2.4

 

   Emergency ambulance

5.0

1.5

2.4

3.9

 

0

0

 

   Police

0.1

0

1.3

0

 

0

0

 

Time of presentation (%)

        

   Time of day (%)

    

***

  

n.s.

8 am – 8 pm

70.6

56.0

68.8

49.3

 

73.3

62.4

 

8 pm – 8 am

29.1

43.6

31.2

50.7

 

26.7

37.6

 

   Day of week (%)

    

***

  

n.s.

Weekday

66.2

53.8

69.1

55.3

 

58.5

56.0

 

Weekend

33.8

46.2

30.9

44.7

 

41.5

44.0

 

Need for emergency treatment as perceived by physician

    

***

  

n.s.

   Mean

6

5

6

5

 

5

5

 

   Standard deviation

3

2

3

3

 

4

3

 

Need for admission (%)

    

***

  

n.s.

   Yes

37.9

14.3

42.1

23.0

 

17.9

12.8

 

Medication given or prescribed

    

***

  

n.s.

   Yes

47,3

54,8

42,1

50,2

 

43,4

44,9

 

Need for translation (%)

    

***

  

***

   Yes

0.5

36.3

0

34.6

 

1.1

36.3

 

Interpreter2) (%)

    

***

  

***

   Accompanying relative/friend

0.4

32.6

0

24.8

 

1.0

33.6

 

   Nurse

0.1

0.7

0

0

 

0

0

 

   Physician

0

0.4

0

0.4

 

0

2.4

 

   Other hospital personnel

0

0.7

0

0.4

 

0

0

 

Length of medical history (number of words)

    

n.s.

  

n.s.

   Mean

13

12

12

11

 

12

14

 

   Standard deviation

9

7

8

7

 

8

8

 
  1. GW = German women, GM= German men, TW = Turkish women, TM = Turkish men; 1)Kruskal-Wallis test; ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001; 2)Differences in percentages results from missing values.