|
Sex
| | | |
0.163
|
|
Male
|
46.1 (123)
|
42.3
|
50.8
| |
|
Female
|
53.9 (144)
|
57.7
|
49.2
| |
|
Age continuous (years)
|
57.9 (± 11.8)
|
58.66 (± 10.9)
|
56.80 (± 12.8)
|
0.180
|
|
Age categories
| | | |
0.035
|
|
≤ 49
|
24.3 (65)
|
18.8
|
31.4
| |
|
50–64
|
45.3 (121)
|
51.0
|
38.1
| |
|
≥ 65
|
30.3 (81)
|
30.2
|
30.5
| |
|
Primary language spoken
| | | |
0.000
|
|
English
|
42.3 (113)
|
31.5
|
55.9
| |
|
Cantonese
|
39.3 (105)
|
47.0
|
29.7
| |
|
Portuguese
|
18.4 (49)
|
21.5
|
14.4
| |
|
Marital status
| | | |
0.074
|
|
Single/never married/divorced/widowed
|
27.0 (70)
|
23.3
|
31.9
| |
|
Married/living with partner
|
73.0 (189)
|
76.7
|
68.1
| |
|
Education
| | | |
0.002
|
|
< Grade 9
|
48.3 (128)
|
56.8
|
43.2
| |
|
Some high school and up
|
51.7 (137)
|
37.6
|
46.7
| |
|
Household Income
|
48,900 (± 15,400)
|
49,000 (± 12,800)
|
48,800.00 (± 19,100)
|
0.070
|
|
Primary daily activity
| | | |
0.000
|
|
Employed full or part-time
|
39.8 (106)
|
26.8
|
56.4
| |
|
Unemployed
|
32.0 (85)
|
39.6
|
22.2
| |
|
Retired
|
28.2 (75)
|
33.6
|
21.4
| |
|
Time since diagnosis (years)
|
3.0 (0.25, 10)a
|
4.0 (0.25, 10)a
|
3.0 (0.25, 10.0)a
|
0.56
|
|
Age of diagnosis (years)
|
51 (± 11.54)
|
52.38 (± 11.4)
|
50.96 (± 12.1)
|
0.34
|
|
Type of medical management
| | | |
0.03
|
|
Medical nutrition therapy
|
25.4 (67)
|
19.5
|
33.0
| |
|
Oral agents
|
64.0 (169)
|
70.5
|
55.7
| |
|
Insulin
|
10.6 (28)
|
10.1
|
11.3
| |
|
Referral
| | | |
0.895
|
|
Primary care physician
|
47.7 (126)
|
49.0
|
46.2
| |
|
Diabetes specialist/endocrinologist
|
27.3 (72)
|
27.2
|
27.4
| |
|
Self
|
4.2 (11)
|
3.4
|
5.1
| |
|
Other
|
20.8 (55)
|
20.4
|
21.4
| |
|
Have a regular primary care physician
| | | |
0.019
|
|
Yes
|
87.7 (228)
|
83.4
|
93.0
| |
|
No
|
12.3 (32)
|
16.6
|
7.0
| |
|
Number of contacts
|
1.0 (0, 3.00)a
|
8.0 (5.0, 12.50)a
|
2.0 (1.0, 2.0)a
|
0.000
|
|
Number of diabetes symptoms
|
1.73 (0.0, 3.0)a
|
2.0 (0.0, 3.0)a
|
1.0 (0.0, 2.0)a
|
0.000
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
30.78 (± 6.5)
|
30.7 (± 6.74)
|
30.9 (± 6.21)
|
0.793
|
|
Distance from patients' residence to centre in KM
|
5.6 (2.8, 13.1)a
|
5.25 (2.5, 10.0)a
|
6.9 (3.2,16.9)a
|
0.084
|
