Table 1 Characteristics of study participants by healthcare system
Healthcare System | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Descriptive Characteristic | VAHS (N = 588) | UHS (N = 636) | p-value | ||
REALM Score, N (%) | |||||
< 9th grade | 226 | (38.4) | 175 | (27.5) | <0.001 |
≥ 9th grade | 343 | (58.3) | 461 | (72.5) | |
Age, years (SD) | 63.4 | (11.4) | 61.2 | (12.3) | 0.002 |
Gender, N (%) | |||||
Female | 10 | (1.7) | 420 | (66.0) | <0.001 |
Male | 578 | (98.3) | 216 | (34.0) | |
Race, N (%) | |||||
Non-white | 250 | (42.5) | 328 | (51.6) | 0.002 |
White | 335 | (57.0) | 308 | (48.4) | |
Married, N (%) | |||||
No | 189 | (32.1) | 314 | (49.4) | <0.001 |
Yes | 399 | (67.9) | 320 | (50.3) | |
Highest Education Level, N (%) | |||||
0–9th Grade | 75 | (12.8) | 55 | (8.6) | <0.001 |
10th–12th Grade | 224 | (38.1) | 176 | (27.7) | |
Some College/Vocational | 145 | (24.7) | 160 | (25.2) | |
College Graduate | 144 | (24.5) | 244 | (38.4) | |
Diabetes, N (%) | |||||
No | 352 | (59.9) | 404 | (63.5) | 0.17 |
Yes | 234 | (39.8) | 228 | (35.8) | |
Inadequate Income, N (%) | |||||
No | 456 | (77.6) | 511 | (80.3) | 0.25 |
Yes | 127 | (21.6) | 121 | (19.0) | |
Self-Reported Medication Adherence, N (%) | |||||
Adherent | 385 | (65.5) | 407 | (64.0) | 0.64 |
Non-adherent | 203 | (34.5) | 227 | (35.7) | |
Current Smoker, N (%) | |||||
No | 441 | (75.0) | 531 | (83.5) | <0.001 |
Yes | 147 | (25.0) | 104 | (16.4) | |
Current Exerciser, N (%) | |||||
No | 259 | (44.0) | 145 | (22.8) | <0.001 |
Yes | 328 | (55.8) | 486 | (76.4) | |
Participatory Decision-making Score, mean (SD)* | 26.0 | (5.6) | 26.1 | (5.0) | 0.18 |
Insurance Type, N (%) | |||||
Commercial | - | - | 248 | (39.0) | - |
Medicaid | - | - | 107 | (16.8) | |
Medicare | - | - | 261 | (41.0) | |
Uninsured | - | - | 20 | (3.1) | |