Determinants of health care utilization by immigrants in Portugal

Table 2 Utilization and access to health services

	Total		Female		Male
	n	%	n	%	N	%	P
Use of Health services in case of need
Don't know	54	3.6	23	3.3	31	3.8	0.451
Health Centre	933	61.7	452	61.1	481	59.5
Hospital	313	20.7	131	18.6	182	22.5
Health Centre & Hospital	113	7.5	54	7.7	59	7.3
Private medicine	79	5.2	35	5.0	44	5.4
Other Combinations	21	1.4	10	1.4	11	1.4
Utilization of the NHS
Yes	1188	78.6	581	82.5	607	75.1	0.001
No	324	21.4	123	17.5	201	24.9
Type of NHS were used*
Health Centre	422	35.6	185	31.9	237	39.1	<0,001
Hospital	142	12.0	53	9.1	89	14.7
Health Centre & Hospital	622	54.4	342	59.0	280	46.2
NHS – Satisfaction level*
Very unsatisfied	65	5.5	38	6.5	27	4.5	0.230
Unsatisfied	200	16.9	106	18.2	94	15.6
Indifferent	99	8.4	46	7.9	53	8.8
Satisfied	766	64.6	361	62.1	405	67.1
Very Satisfied	55	4.6	30	5.2	25	4.1
Barriers in access and utilization of NHS *
None	478	40.2	209	36.0	269	44.3	0.004
Cost	40	3.4	25	4.3	15	2.5	0.107
Language	16	1.3	6	1.0	10	1.6	0.453
Distance	26	2.2	14	2.4	12	2.0	0.693
Waiting time	596	50.2	312	53.7	284	46.8	0.017
Health care providers	213	17.9	127	21.9	86	14.2	0.001
Fear of losing job	11	0.9	7	1.2	4	0.7	0.376
Other	114	9.6	65	11.2	49	8.1	0.076

ISSN: 1472-6963